Cryptosporidiosis pathophysiology: Difference between revisions

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{{Cryptosporidiosis}}
{{Cryptosporidiosis}}
==Overview==
==Overview==
Cryptosporidiosis is a zoonotic disease, humans could be infected by contact with contaminated water and through inhalation of the spores. Following transmission, white blood cells phagocyte the pathogen and transports it via hematologic or lymphatic route to different organs.
Cryptosporidiosis is a zoonotic disease, humans could be infected by contact with contaminated water and through inhalation of the spores. Following transmission, white blood cells phagocyte the pathogen and transports it via hematologic or lymphatic route to different organs.<ref name="urlGeneral Information | Cryptosporidium | Parasites | CDC">{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/crypto/general.html |title=General Information &#124; Cryptosporidium &#124; Parasites &#124; CDC |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="pmid22685452">{{cite journal |vauthors=Leitch GJ, He Q |title=Cryptosporidiosis-an overview |journal=J Biomed Res |volume=25 |issue=1 |pages=1–16 |year=2012 |pmid=22685452 |pmc=3368497 |doi=10.1016/S1674-8301(11)60001-8 |url=}}</ref>


==Pathophysiology==
==Pathophysiology==
The pathophysiology of cryptosporidiosis can be described in the following steps
The pathophysiology of cryptosporidiosis can be described in the following steps
===Transmission===
===Transmission===
* Transmission of [[Cryptosporidium parvum]] and C. hominis occurs mainly through contact with contaminated water (e.g., drinking or recreational water).  *Occasionally food sources, such as chicken salad, may serve as vehicles for transmission.   
* Transmission of [[Cryptosporidium parvum]] and C. hominis occurs mainly through contact with contaminated water (e.g., drinking or recreational water).   
*Many outbreaks in the United States have occurred in waterparks, community swimming pools, and day care centers. [[Zoonotic]] and anthroponotic transmission of C. parvum and anthroponotic transmission of C. hominis occur through exposure to infected animals or exposure to water contaminated by feces of infected animals (2)
*Occasionally food sources, such as chicken salad, may serve as vehicles for transmission.   
*Many outbreaks in the United States have occurred in waterparks, community swimming pools, and day care centers.  
*[[Zoonotic]] and anthroponotic transmission of C. parvum and anthroponotic transmission of C. hominis occur through exposure to infected animals or exposure to water contaminated by feces of infected animals.
 
===Incubation===
===Incubation===
* Incubation period for cryptosporidiosis is of 7 days (but can vary from 2 to 10 days).
* Incubation period for cryptosporidiosis is of 7 days (but can vary from 2 to 10 days).
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[[Category:Needs overview]]
[[Category:Needs overview]]
[[Category:Parasitic diseases]]
[[Category:Parasitic diseases]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
 
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Disease]]


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Latest revision as of 17:31, 18 September 2017

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kalsang Dolma, M.B.B.S.[2]

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Overview

Cryptosporidiosis is a zoonotic disease, humans could be infected by contact with contaminated water and through inhalation of the spores. Following transmission, white blood cells phagocyte the pathogen and transports it via hematologic or lymphatic route to different organs.[1][2]

Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of cryptosporidiosis can be described in the following steps

Transmission

  • Transmission of Cryptosporidium parvum and C. hominis occurs mainly through contact with contaminated water (e.g., drinking or recreational water).
  • Occasionally food sources, such as chicken salad, may serve as vehicles for transmission.
  • Many outbreaks in the United States have occurred in waterparks, community swimming pools, and day care centers.
  • Zoonotic and anthroponotic transmission of C. parvum and anthroponotic transmission of C. hominis occur through exposure to infected animals or exposure to water contaminated by feces of infected animals.

Incubation

  • Incubation period for cryptosporidiosis is of 7 days (but can vary from 2 to 10 days).

Dissemination

Pathogenesis

  • In these cells, the parasites undergo asexual multiplication (schizogony or merogony) and then sexual multiplication (gametogony) producing microgamonts (male) and macrogamonts (female).
  • Upon fertilization of the macrogamonts by the microgametes, oocysts develop that sporulate in the infected host.
  • Two different types of oocysts are produced, the thick-walled, which is commonly excreted from the host, and the thin-walled oocyst, which is primarily involved in autoinfection.
  • Oocysts are infective upon excretion, thus permitting direct and immediate fecal-oral transmission.
  • Oocysts of Cyclospora cayetanensis, another important coccidian parasite, are unsporulated at the time of excretion and do not become infective until sporulation is completed.
Life cycle of Cryptosporidium spp.

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References

  1. "General Information | Cryptosporidium | Parasites | CDC".
  2. Leitch GJ, He Q (2012). "Cryptosporidiosis-an overview". J Biomed Res. 25 (1): 1–16. doi:10.1016/S1674-8301(11)60001-8. PMC 3368497. PMID 22685452.
  3. "Public Health Image Library (PHIL)".


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