Spinal stenosis risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamadmostafa Jahansouz M.D.[2]
Overview
Common risk factors in the development of spinal stenosis include cumulative trauma, osteoporosis, obesity, loss of muscle tone, congenital defects, Paget's disease, achondroplasia and cigarette smoking.
Risk Factors
Common risk factors in the development of spinal stenosis include cumulative trauma, osteoporosis, obesity, loss of muscle tone, congenital defects, Paget's disease, achondroplasia and cigarette smoking.
Common Risk Factors
- Common risk factors in the development of spinal stenosis include:
Less Common Risk Factors
- Less common risk factors in the development of spinal stenosis include:
- Loss of muscle tone[4]
- Congenital defects[5]
- Paget's disease[6]
- Achondroplasia[7]
- Cigarette smoking[8]
References
- ↑ Chang V, Ellingson BM, Salamon N, Holly LT (2015). "The Risk of Acute Spinal Cord Injury After Minor Trauma in Patients With Preexisting Cervical Stenosis". Neurosurgery. 77 (4): 561–5, discussion 565. doi:10.1227/NEU.0000000000000888. PMC 4575254. PMID 26191975.
- ↑ Lee BH, Moon SH, Kim HJ, Lee HM, Kim TH (2012). "Osteoporotic profiles in elderly patients with symptomatic lumbar spinal canal stenosis". Indian J Orthop. 46 (3): 279–84. doi:10.4103/0019-5413.96379. PMC 3377137. PMID 22719113.
- ↑ Knutsson B, Sandén B, Sjödén G, Järvholm B, Michaëlsson K (2015). "Body Mass Index and Risk for Clinical Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Cohort Study". Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 40 (18): 1451–6. doi:10.1097/BRS.0000000000001038. PMID 26165225.
- ↑ Genevay S, Atlas SJ (2010). "Lumbar spinal stenosis". Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 24 (2): 253–65. doi:10.1016/j.berh.2009.11.001. PMC 2841052. PMID 20227646.
- ↑ Battié MC, Ortega-Alonso A, Niemelainen R, Gill K, Levalahti E, Videman T; et al. (2014). "Lumbar spinal stenosis is a highly genetic condition partly mediated by disc degeneration". Arthritis Rheumatol. 66 (12): 3505–10. doi:10.1002/art.38823. PMC 4308556. PMID 25155712.
- ↑ Weisz GM (1983). "Lumbar spinal canal stenosis in Paget's disease". Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 8 (2): 192–8. PMID 6857391.
- ↑ Nelson MA (1972). "Spinal stenosis in achondroplasia". Proc R Soc Med. 65 (11): 1028–9. PMC 1644724. PMID 4264583.
- ↑ Jackson KL, Devine JG (2016). "The Effects of Smoking and Smoking Cessation on Spine Surgery: A Systematic Review of the Literature". Global Spine J. 6 (7): 695–701. doi:10.1055/s-0036-1571285. PMC 5077710. PMID 27781190.