Bilateral symmetric nervous systems have special midline structures that establish a partition between the two mirror image halves. Some axons project toward and across the midline in response to long-range chemoattractants emanating from the midline]. In Drosophila, the roundabout gene, a member of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily, encodes an integral membrane protein that is both an axon guidance receptor and a cell adhesion receptor. This receptor is involved in the decision by axons to cross the central nervous system midline. The protein encoded by this gene is structurally similar to the Drosophila roundabout protein. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[3]
Clinical significance
ROBO1 was implicated in communication disorder based on a Finnish pedigree with severe dyslexia. Analyses revealed a translocation had occurred disrupting ROBO1.[4] Study of the phonological memory component of the language acquisition system suggests that ROBO1 polymorphisms are associated with functioning in this system.[5]
References
↑Kidd T, Brose K, Mitchell KJ, Fetter RD, Tessier-Lavigne M, Goodman CS, Tear G (Feb 1998). "Roundabout controls axon crossing of the CNS midline and defines a novel subfamily of evolutionarily conserved guidance receptors". Cell. 92 (2): 205–15. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80915-0. PMID9458045.
↑Sundaresan V, Roberts I, Bateman A, Bankier A, Sheppard M, Hobbs C, Xiong J, Minna J, Latif F, Lerman M, Rabbitts P (Aug 1998). "The DUTT1 gene, a novel NCAM family member is expressed in developing murine neural tissues and has an unusually broad pattern of expression". Mol Cell Neurosci. 11 (1–2): 29–35. doi:10.1006/mcne.1998.0672. PMID9608531.
↑Bates TC, Luciano M, Medland SE, Montgomery GW, Wright MJ, Martin NG (January 2011). "Genetic variance in a component of the language acquisition device: ROBO1 polymorphisms associated with phonological buffer deficits". Behav. Genet. 41 (1): 50–7. doi:10.1007/s10519-010-9402-9. PMID20949370.
Further reading
Sundaresan V, Chung G, Heppell-Parton A, et al. (1998). "Homozygous deletions at 3p12 in breast and lung cancer". Oncogene. 17 (13): 1723–9. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1202103. PMID9796701.
Brose K, Bland KS, Wang KH, et al. (1999). "Slit proteins bind Robo receptors and have an evolutionarily conserved role in repulsive axon guidance". Cell. 96 (6): 795–806. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80590-5. PMID10102268.
Yuan W, Zhou L, Chen JH, et al. (1999). "The mouse SLIT family: secreted ligands for ROBO expressed in patterns that suggest a role in morphogenesis and axon guidance". Dev. Biol. 212 (2): 290–306. doi:10.1006/dbio.1999.9371. PMID10433822.
Bashaw GJ, Kidd T, Murray D, et al. (2000). "Repulsive axon guidance: Abelson and Enabled play opposing roles downstream of the roundabout receptor". Cell. 101 (7): 703–15. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80883-1. PMID10892742.
Nguyen Ba-Charvet KT, Brose K, Ma L, et al. (2001). "Diversity and specificity of actions of Slit2 proteolytic fragments in axon guidance". J. Neurosci. 21 (12): 4281–9. PMID11404413.
Wong K, Ren XR, Huang YZ, et al. (2001). "Signal transduction in neuronal migration: roles of GTPase activating proteins and the small GTPase Cdc42 in the Slit-Robo pathway". Cell. 107 (2): 209–21. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00530-X. PMID11672528.
Dallol A, Forgacs E, Martinez A, et al. (2002). "Tumour specific promoter region methylation of the human homologue of the Drosophila Roundabout gene DUTT1 (ROBO1) in human cancers". Oncogene. 21 (19): 3020–8. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1205421. PMID12082532.
Latil A, Chêne L, Cochant-Priollet B, et al. (2003). "Quantification of expression of netrins, slits and their receptors in human prostate tumors". Int. J. Cancer. 103 (3): 306–15. doi:10.1002/ijc.10821. PMID12471613.
Hivert B, Liu Z, Chuang CY, et al. (2003). "Robo1 and Robo2 are homophilic binding molecules that promote axonal growth". Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 21 (4): 534–45. doi:10.1006/mcne.2002.1193. PMID12504588.
Wang B, Xiao Y, Ding BB, et al. (2004). "Induction of tumor angiogenesis by Slit-Robo signaling and inhibition of cancer growth by blocking Robo activity". Cancer Cell. 4 (1): 19–29. doi:10.1016/S1535-6108(03)00164-8. PMID12892710.
Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID14702039.
Muzny DM, Scherer SE, Kaul R, et al. (2006). "The DNA sequence, annotation and analysis of human chromosome 3". Nature. 440 (7088): 1194–8. doi:10.1038/nature04728. PMID16641997.
Gröne J, Doebler O, Loddenkemper C, et al. (2007). "Robo1/Robo4: differential expression of angiogenic markers in colorectal cancer". Oncol. Rep. 15 (6): 1437–43. doi:10.3892/or.15.6.1437. PMID16685377.
Ito H, Funahashi S, Yamauchi N, et al. (2007). "Identification of ROBO1 as a novel hepatocellular carcinoma antigen and a potential therapeutic and diagnostic target". Clin. Cancer Res. 12 (11 Pt 1): 3257–64. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-2787. PMID16740745.
