Personality disorder laboratory findings

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ayesha Anwar, M.B.B.S[2]

Overview

There are no diagnostic laboratory findings associated with personality disorders. Most laboratory tests are carried out to rule out other medical conditions which may present with personality changes. These tests include measurement of vitamin D, vitamin B12, ferritin, glucose and cortisol. PDs have concomitant substance abuse disorder and impulse control disorders. Hence, toxicology screen and sexually transmitted disease screening is crucial.

Laboratory Findings

These investigations are carried out to rule out other diagnosis. No definite abnormalities are associated with PDs. The laboratory tests conducted comprises:

1. Vitamin B12, Vitamin D and ferritin levels- Vitamin B12, Vitamin D and ferritin abnormalities are seen in dementia and depression.
2. Electrolytes especially sodium, potassium, BUN (blood urea nitrogen) and creatinine. Hyponatremia and hypernatremia, in certain cases present with personality changes. Potassium and bicarbonate levels are vital to assess in individuals with BPD due to the underlying anorexia nervosa in some cases. Urea and BUN are performed to rule out uraemia which can result in personality changes.
3. Thyroid function tests, fasting glucose and cortisol levels. Hypothyroidism is linked to a variety of affective disorders and cognitive dysfunction. Hypercortisolism is associated with psychosis. Hence, these conditions should be ruled out.
4. Toxicology screen is done to differentiate substance abuse disorder from PD and also, as substance abuse is common with PSs.
5. Sexually Transmitted disease screening is required. HIV patients may also present with personality changes. Moreover, PD patients have impulse control disorder and may get introduced with such infections.