Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection historical perspective

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ammu Susheela, M.D. [2], João André Alves Silva, M.D. [3]

Overview

The index case of MERS-CoV infection was reported in Saudi Arabia in September, 2012. Dr. Ali Mohamed Zaki, an Egyptian virologist, was the first to attribute MERS-CoV to coronavirus.

Historical Perspective

  • The index case of MERS-CoV infection was reported in Saudi Arabia in September, 2012. The index patient was a middle-aged man who presented with pneumonia and acute kidney injury.
  • The virus was first termed human coronavirus-EMC (Erasmus Medical Center), then it was termed human coronavirus England 1 following the isolation of the virus from a patient in the United Kingdom who had recently traveled to the Middle East.[1][2]
  • On June 13 2012, Egyptian virologist, Dr. Ali Mohamed Zaki, identified the coronavirus responsible for the syndrome in Saudi Arabia.[3]
  • On September 2012, the virus was first reported outside Saudi Arabia in Qatar in a 44 year old man who had recently traveled to Saudi Arabia.
  • It was later determined that viruses from the EMC/2012 and England/Qatar/2012, date to early 2011, suggesting that these cases had likely descended from a single zoonotic event.[4]
  • During the 2012-2013 outbreak, the World Health Organization (WHO) International Health Regulations Emergency Committee determined that MERS-CoV did not meet the criteria for a "public health emergency of international concern", but was nevertheless of "serious and of great concern".

References

  1. van Boheemen S, de Graaf M, Lauber C, Bestebroer TM, Raj VS, Zaki AM; et al. (2012). "Genomic characterization of a newly discovered coronavirus associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome in humans". MBio. 3 (6). doi:10.1128/mBio.00473-12. PMC 3509437. PMID 23170002.
  2. Bermingham A, Chand MA, Brown CS, Aarons E, Tong C, Langrish C; et al. (2012). "Severe respiratory illness caused by a novel coronavirus, in a patient transferred to the United Kingdom from the Middle East, September 2012". Euro Surveill. 17 (40): 20290. PMID 23078800.
  3. Zaki AM, van Boheemen S, Bestebroer TM, Osterhaus AD, Fouchier RA (2012). "Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia". N Engl J Med. 367 (19): 1814–20. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1211721. PMID 23075143.
  4. Cotten M, Lam TT, Watson SJ, Palser AL, Petrova V, Grant P; et al. (2013). "Full-genome deep sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of novel human betacoronavirus". Emerg Infect Dis. 19 (5): 736–42B. doi:10.3201/eid1905.130057. PMC 3647518. PMID 23693015.

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