Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection epidemiology and demographics

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rim Halaby, M.D. [2], Alejandro Lemor, M.D. [3]

Overview

MERS-CoV has been associated with residence in 9 countries in the Middle East and in South Korea. However, cases with a history of recent travel had been reported in several countries worldwide. As of June 2015, 1289 laboratory-confirmed cases of MERS-CoV infection have been reported. The case fatality rate of MERS-CoV ranges between 30% to 40%. The median age at infection is 47 years with no age preponderance to MERS-CoV infection (range: 9 months to 94 years). Approximately 2/3 of infected patients are males.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Incidence

• As of June 2015, 1289 laboratory-confirmed cases of MERS-CoV infection have been reported in 25 countries.

Case Fatality Rate

• As of January 2015, 356 MERS-CoV-related deaths have been reported. The case fatality rate of MERS-CoV ranges between 30% to 40%.

Age

• There is no age preponderance to MERS-CoV infection (range: 9 months to 94 years).
• Among infected patients, the median age is 47 years.

Gender

• There is a male preponderance to MERS-CoV infection. The male-to-female ratio is 1.6 to 1.0.

Developed Countries

Only travel-associated MERS-CoV infection has also been reported in developed countries. At least one MERS-CoV case has been reported in the following countries:

• United States of America (USA)
• United Kingdom (UK)
• France
• Germany
• Italy
• Netherlands
• Austria
• Republic of Korea

Developing Countries

MERS-CoV has been associated with residence in or recent travel to the following countries:

• Saudi Arabia
• United Arab Emirates (UAE)
• Qatar
• Jordan
• Oman
• Kuwait
• Yemen
• Lebanon
• Iran

Other countries with travel-associated MERS-CoV infection:

• China
• Algeria
• Egypt
• Malaysia
• Philippines
• Tunisia
• Turkey
• Greece
• Thailand