Diaphragmatic elevation

Diaphragmatic elevation

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Differential Diagnosis

Common Causes

• Lobectomy
• Pneumectomy
• Hepatomegaly
• Pregnancy
• Pulmonary fibrosis
• Subphrenic abscess
• Splenomegaly
• Ascites
• Subphrenic abscess
• Subphrenic Hematoma

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Cardiac surgery, Aortic aneurysm
Chemical/Poisoning	No underlying causes
Dental	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect	Radiation therapy
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	Retrosternal goiter
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	Distended stomach or colon, Hepatomegaly, Gaseous distention of the stomach, Gaseous distention of the splenic flexure of the colon, Ascites
Genetic	No underlying causes
Hematologic	Splenomegaly
Iatrogenic	Thyroid surgery, Pneumectomy
Infectious Disease	Postviral phrenic neuropathy, Poliomyelitis, Subphrenic abscess, Poliomyelitis
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	No underlying causes
Neurologic	Syringomyelia, Spinal cord transection, Phrenic nerve palsy, Phrenic nerve dysfunction, Multiple sclerosis, Idiopathic phrenic neuropathy, Guillain-Barre syndrome, Contralateral CVA, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Polyradiculitis, Peripheral neuritis, Hemiplegia
Nutritional/Metabolic	Malnutrition
Obstetric/Gynecologic	Pregnancy
Oncologic	Compression by tumor, Abdominal tumour, Metastases, Malignant lymphoma
Ophthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	Pulmonary hypoplasia, Pneumonectomy, Diaphragmatic eventration, Decreased lung volume, Pulmonary infarction, Pulmonary fibrosis, Lobectomy , Diaphragmatic hernia
Renal/Electrolyte	No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	Systemic lupus erythematosus , Mixed connective tissue disease, Dermatomyositis, Connective tissue diseases, Cervical spondylosis
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	Blunt trauma, Traumatic rupture of diaphragm
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Limb-girdle dystrophy, Idiopathicmyopathy, Amyloidosis, Subpulmonic pleural fluid, Subphrenic Hematoma, Other causes of abdominal mass, Obesity

Causes in Alphabetical Order

Abdominal tumour Amyloidosis Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Aortic aneurysm Ascites Blunt trauma Bronchial carcinoma Cardiac surgery Cervical chiropractic manipulation Cervical spondylosis Complete diaphragmatic eventration Compression by tumor Connective tissue diseases Contralateral CVA : usually MCA distribution Decreased lung volume Dermatomyositis Diaphragmatic eventration Diaphragmatic hernia Distended stomach or colon Gaseous distention of the splenic flexure of the colon Gaseous distention of the stomach Guillain-Barre Syndrome Hemiplegia Hepatomegaly Idiopathic myopathy Idiopathic phrenic neuropathy Limb-girdle dystrophy Lobectomy Malignant lymphoma Malnutrition

Metastases Mixed connective tissue disease Multiple sclerosis Obesity Other causes of abdominal mass Peripheral neuritis Phrenic nerve dysfunction Phrenic nerve palsy Pneumectomy pneumonectomy Poliomyelitis Polyradiculitis Postviral phrenic neuropathy Pregnancy Pulmonary fibrosis Pulmonary hypoplasia Pulmonary infarction Radiation therapy Retrosternal goiter Spinal cord transection Splenomegaly Subphrenic abscess Subphrenic Hematoma Subpulmonic pleural fluid Syringomyelia Systemic lupus erythematosus Thyroid surgery Trauma Traumatic rupture of diaphragm

References

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