Artemin is a neurotrophic factor in the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family of ligands which are a group of ligands within the TGF-beta superfamily of signaling molecules. GDNFs are unique in having neurotrophic properties and have potential use for gene therapy in neurodegenerative disease. Artemin has been shown in culture to support the survival of a number of peripheral neuron populations and at least one population of dopaminergic CNS neurons. Its role in the PNS and CNS is further substantiated by its expression pattern in the proximity of these neurons. This protein is a ligand for the RET receptor and uses GFR-alpha 3 as a coreceptor.[1]
↑Baloh RH, Tansey MG, Lampe PA, Fahrner TJ, Enomoto H, Simburger KS, Leitner ML, Araki T, Johnson EM, Milbrandt J (Dec 1998). "Artemin, a novel member of the GDNF ligand family, supports peripheral and central neurons and signals through the GFRalpha3-RET receptor complex". Neuron. 21 (6): 1291–302. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80649-2. PMID9883723.
Further reading
Rosenblad C, Grønborg M, Hansen C, Blom N, Meyer M, Johansen J, Dagø L, Kirik D, Patel UA, Lundberg C, Trono D, Björklund A, Johansen TE (Feb 2000). "In vivo protection of nigral dopamine neurons by lentiviral gene transfer of the novel GDNF-family member neublastin/artemin". Molecular and Cellular Neurosciences. 15 (2): 199–214. doi:10.1006/mcne.1999.0817. PMID10673327.
Zhu DL, Luo DL, Luo G, Wang B, Gao JM (Mar 2009). "[Artemin and GFRalpha3 expressions and their relevance to perineural invasiveness and metastasis of pancreatic carcinoma]". Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao = Journal of Southern Medical University. 29 (3): 428–32. PMID19304517.
Silvian L, Jin P, Carmillo P, Boriack-Sjodin PA, Pelletier C, Rushe M, Gong B, Sah D, Pepinsky B, Rossomando A (Jun 2006). "Artemin crystal structure reveals insights into heparan sulfate binding". Biochemistry. 45 (22): 6801–12. doi:10.1021/bi060035x. PMID16734417.
Pandey V, Qian PX, Kang J, Perry JK, Mitchell MD, Yin Z, Wu ZS, Liu DX, Zhu T, Lobie PE (Mar 2010). "Artemin stimulates oncogenicity and invasiveness of human endometrial carcinoma cells". Endocrinology. 151 (3): 909–20. doi:10.1210/en.2009-0979. PMID20118197.
Masure S, Geerts H, Cik M, Hoefnagel E, Van Den Kieboom G, Tuytelaars A, Harris S, Lesage AS, Leysen JE, Van Der Helm L, Verhasselt P, Yon J, Gordon RD (Dec 1999). "Enovin, a member of the glial cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family with growth promoting activity on neuronal cells. Existence and tissue-specific expression of different splice variants". European Journal of Biochemistry / FEBS. 266 (3): 892–902. doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00925.x. PMID10583383.
Fernandez RM, Ruiz-Ferrer M, Lopez-Alonso M, Antiñolo G, Borrego S (Nov 2008). "Polymorphisms in the genes encoding the 4 RET ligands, GDNF, NTN, ARTN, PSPN, and susceptibility to Hirschsprung disease". Journal of Pediatric Surgery. 43 (11): 2042–7. doi:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2008.05.018. PMID18970938.
Ceyhan GO, Schäfer KH, Kerscher AG, Rauch U, Demir IE, Kadihasanoglu M, Böhm C, Müller MW, Büchler MW, Giese NA, Erkan M, Friess H (May 2010). "Nerve growth factor and artemin are paracrine mediators of pancreatic neuropathy in pancreatic adenocarcinoma". Annals of Surgery. 251 (5): 923–31. doi:10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181d974d4. PMID20395845.
Kang J, Perry JK, Pandey V, Fielder GC, Mei B, Qian PX, Wu ZS, Zhu T, Liu DX, Lobie PE (May 2009). "Artemin is oncogenic for human mammary carcinoma cells". Oncogene. 28 (19): 2034–45. doi:10.1038/onc.2009.66. PMID19363524.
Wang X, Baloh RH, Milbrandt J, Garcia KC (Jun 2006). "Structure of artemin complexed with its receptor GFRalpha3: convergent recognition of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factors". Structure. 14 (6): 1083–92. doi:10.1016/j.str.2006.05.010. PMID16765900.
Quartu M, Serra MP, Manca A, Mascia F, Follesa P, Del Fiacco M (Apr 2005). "Neurturin, persephin, and artemin in the human pre- and full-term newborn and adult hippocampus and fascia dentata". Brain Research. 1041 (2): 157–66. doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2005.02.007. PMID15829225.
Otsuki K, Uchida S, Watanuki T, Wakabayashi Y, Fujimoto M, Matsubara T, Funato H, Watanabe Y (Oct 2008). "Altered expression of neurotrophic factors in patients with major depression". Journal of Psychiatric Research. 42 (14): 1145–53. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2008.01.010. PMID18313696.