Testicular cancer classification: Difference between revisions

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{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{G.D.}}, {{SC}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{G.D.}}, {{SC}}
==Overview==
==Overview==
Testicular cancer is a very rare type of cancer. Based on the histopathological features, testicular cancer may be classified into two subtypes: [[germ cell tumors]] and non–germ cell tumors.
Testicular cancer is a very rare type of [[Cancer (disease)|cancer]]. Based on the [[histopathological]] features, testicular cancer may be classified into six subtypes: [[germ cell tumors]], [[Sex (activity)|sex]]-[[cord]] [[stromal]] [[tumors]], [[tumors]] containing both [[germ cell]] and [[Sex (activity)|sex]]-[[cord]] [[stromal]] elements, miscellaneous [[tumors]] of the [[testis]], hematolymphoid [[tumors]], and [[tumors]] of [[collecting duct]] and [[rete testis]].


==Classification==
==Classification==
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'''WHO''' classifies testicular tumors as follows:<ref name="pmid27747907">{{cite journal |vauthors=Williamson SR, Delahunt B, Magi-Galluzzi C, Algaba F, Egevad L, Ulbright TM, Tickoo SK, Srigley JR, Epstein JI, Berney DM |title=The World Health Organization 2016 classification of testicular germ cell tumours: a review and update from the International Society of Urological Pathology Testis Consultation Panel |journal=Histopathology |volume=70 |issue=3 |pages=335–346 |date=February 2017 |pmid=27747907 |doi=10.1111/his.13102 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid26935559">{{cite journal |vauthors=Moch H, Cubilla AL, Humphrey PA, Reuter VE, Ulbright TM |title=The 2016 WHO Classification of Tumours of the Urinary System and Male Genital Organs-Part A: Renal, Penile, and Testicular Tumours |journal=Eur. Urol. |volume=70 |issue=1 |pages=93–105 |date=July 2016 |pmid=26935559 |doi=10.1016/j.eururo.2016.02.029 |url=}}</ref>
'''WHO''' classifies testicular tumors as follows:<ref name="pmid27747907">{{cite journal |vauthors=Williamson SR, Delahunt B, Magi-Galluzzi C, Algaba F, Egevad L, Ulbright TM, Tickoo SK, Srigley JR, Epstein JI, Berney DM |title=The World Health Organization 2016 classification of testicular germ cell tumours: a review and update from the International Society of Urological Pathology Testis Consultation Panel |journal=Histopathology |volume=70 |issue=3 |pages=335–346 |date=February 2017 |pmid=27747907 |doi=10.1111/his.13102 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid26935559">{{cite journal |vauthors=Moch H, Cubilla AL, Humphrey PA, Reuter VE, Ulbright TM |title=The 2016 WHO Classification of Tumours of the Urinary System and Male Genital Organs-Part A: Renal, Penile, and Testicular Tumours |journal=Eur. Urol. |volume=70 |issue=1 |pages=93–105 |date=July 2016 |pmid=26935559 |doi=10.1016/j.eururo.2016.02.029 |url=}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
 
! colspan="6" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" + |Testicular Cancer
! colspan="6" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" + |Testicular Cancer
|-
|-
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" + |Germ cell tumors
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" + |Germ cell tumors
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" + |Sex-cord stromal tumors
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" + |Sex-cord stromal tumors
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" + |Tumors containing both germ cell and sex-cord stromal elements
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" + |Miscellaneous tumors of the testis
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" + |Miscellaneous tumors of the testis
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" + |Hematolymphoid tumors
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" + |Hematolymphoid tumors
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" + |Tumors of collecting duct and rete testis
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" + |Tumors of collecting duct and rete testis
|-
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" + |Tumors containing both germ cell and sex-cord stromal elements
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
* '''Germ cell tumors derived from germ cell neoplasia in situ:'''
|'''[[Germ cell tumors]] derived from [[Germ cell neoplasm|germ cell neoplasia]] [[in situ]]:'''
** Non-invasive germ cell neoplasia
* Non-invasive [[germ cell]] [[neoplasia]]
***Germ cell neoplasia in situ
**[[Germ cell]] [[neoplasia]] [[in situ]]
***Specific forms of intratubular germ cell tumor neoplasia
**Specific forms of intratubular [[germ cell]] tumor [[neoplasia]]
** Tumors of a single histological type (pure forms)
* [[Tumor|Tumors]] of a single [[histological]] type (pure forms)
***Seminoma
**[[Seminoma]]
***Seminoma with syncytiotrophoblast cells
**[[Seminoma|Seminoma with syncytiotrophoblast cells]]
***Non-seminomatous germ cell tumors
**Non-seminomatous [[germ cell]] [[tumors]]
***Embryonal carcinoma
**[[Embryonal carcinoma]]
***York sac tumor, postpubertal-type
**[[Yolk sac tumor]], postpubertal-type
***Trophoblastic tumors
**[[Trophoblastic|Trophoblastic tumors]]
****Choriocarcinoma
***[[Choriocarcinoma]]
****Non-choriocarcinomatous trophoblastic tumors
***Non-choriocarcinomatous [[Trophoblastic|trophoblastic tumors]]
****Placental site trophoblastic tumor
***[[Placental]] site [[trophoblastic]] [[tumor]]
****Epitheliol trophoblastic tumor
***Epitheliol [[Trophoblastic|trophoblastic tumor]]
****Cystic trophoblastic tumor
***[[Cystic]] [[trophoblastic]] tumor
***Teratoma, postpubertal-type
**[[Teratoma]], postpubertal-type
***Teratoma with somatic-type malignancy
**[[Teratoma]] with somatic-type  
**Non-seminomatous germ cell type tumor of more than one histological type
*Non-seminomatous [[Germ cell tumor|germ cell type tumor]] of more than one [[histological]] type
***Mixed germ cell tumors
**[[Germ cell tumors|Mixed germ cell tumors]]
**Germ cell tumors of unknown type
*[[Germ cell tumors]] of unknown type
***Regressed germ cell tumors
**Regressed [[germ cell tumors]]
* '''Germ cell tumors unrelated to germ cell neoplasia in situ:'''
'''[[Germ cell tumors]] unrelated to [[Germ cell neoplasm|germ cell neoplasia]] [[in situ]]:'''
**Spermatocytic tumor
*Spermatocytic [[tumor]]
**Teratoma, prepubertal-type
*[[Teratoma]], prepubertal-type
***Dermoid cyst
**[[Dermoid cyst]]
***Epidermoid cyst
**[[Epidermoid cyst]]
***Well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor (monodermal teratoma)
**Well-differentiated [[neuroendocrine]] [[tumor]] ([[monodermal teratoma]])
**Mixed teratoma and yolk sac tumor, prepubertal-type
*Mixed [[teratoma]] and [[yolk sac tumor]], prepubertal-type
**Yolk sac tumor, prepubertal-type
*[[Yolk sac tumor]], prepubertal-type
|
**Pure tumors
**Leydig cell tumor
***Malignant leydig cell tumor
**Sertoli cell tumor
***Malignant Sertoli cell tumor
***Large cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumor
***Intratubular large cell hyalinizing Sertoli cell neoplasia
**Granulosa cell tumor
***Adult granulosa cell tumor
***Juvenile granulosa cell tumor
**Tumors in the fibroma-thecoma group
**Mixed and unclassified sex-stromal tumors
**Mixed sex cord-stromal tumor
**Unclassified sex cord-stromal tumor
*
 
*
|
|
*Gonadoblastoma
*Pure [[tumors]]
|'''Ovarian epithelial-type tumors'''
*[[Leydig cell tumor]]
*Serous cystadenoma
**[[Leydig cell tumor|Malignant leydig cell tumor]]
*Serous tumor of borderline malignancy
*[[Sertoli cell|Sertoli cell tumor]]
**[[Malignant]] [[Sertoli cell]] [[tumor]]
**[[Large cell]] calcifying [[Sertoli cell]] [[tumor]]
**Intratubular large cell hyalinizing [[Sertoli cell]] [[neoplasia]]
*[[Granulosa cell tumor]]
**[[Granulosa cell tumor|Adult granulosa cell tumor]]
**[[Granulosa cell tumor|Juvenile granulosa cell tumor]]
*[[Tumors]] in the [[fibroma]]-[[thecoma]] group
*Mixed and unclassified sex-[[Stromal|stromal tumors]]
*Mixed [[sex cord-stromal tumor]]
*Unclassified [[sex cord-stromal tumor]]
|'''[[Ovarian]] epithelial-type tumors'''
*[[Serous]] cystadenoma
*Serous [[tumor]] of borderline [[malignancy]]
*Serous cystadenocarcinoma
*Serous cystadenocarcinoma
*Mucinous borderline tumor
*[[Mucinous]] borderline [[tumor]]
*Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
*Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
*Endometrioid adenocarcinoma
*[[Endometrioid tumor|Endometrioid]] [[adenocarcinoma]]
*Clear cell adenocarcinoma
*[[Adenocarcinoma|Clear cell adenocarcinoma]]
*Brenner tumor
*Brenner tumor
'''Juvenile Xanthogranuloma'''


 
'''Hemangioma'''
* '''Tumors of rete ovarii'''
|
* '''Mesothelial tumors'''
*[[Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma]]
* '''Tumors of uncertain origin and miscellaneous tumors'''
*[[Follicular lymphoma]], NOS
* '''Gestational trophoblastic diseases'''
*[[Extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma|Extranodal]] [[Lymphoma|NK/T-cell lymphoma]], nasal type
* '''Soft tissue tumors not specific to ovary'''
*[[Plasmacytoma]]
* '''Malignant lymphomas leukemias, and plasmacytomas'''
*[[Myeloid]] [[sarcoma]]
* '''Unclassified tumors'''
*[[Rosai-Dorfman disease]]
* '''Secondary (metastatic) tumors'''
* '''Tumor-like lesions'''
|
|
*[[Adenoma]]
*[[Adenocarcinoma]]
|
|
*[[Gonadoblastoma]]
|}
|}
Testicular cancer may be classified according to WHO classification into two subtypes:
* [[Germ cell tumors]]
:*[[Germ cell neoplasia]] in situ-derived
::* Seminomas
::* Non-seminomas
:::* [[Embryonal carcinoma]]
:::* [[Yolk sac]] carcinoma
:::* [[Trophoblastic]]
::::*[[Choriocarcinoma]]
::::*[[Other trophoblastic]] tumors
:::* [[Teratoma, postpubertal type]]
::::*[[Somatic malignant]]
:*Not [[germ cell neoplasia]] in situ-derived
::* [[Spermatocytic tumor]]
::* [[Teratoma, prepubertal type]]
::* [[Yolk sac, prepubertal type]]
* Non–germ cell tumors
:* [[Sex cord]] stromal tumors
::* [[Leydig cell]] tumors
::* [[Sertoli cell]] tumors
::* [[Granulosa cell]] tumor
::* [[Mixed type]]
:* [[Mixed germ cell and stromal tumors]]
::*[[Gonadoblastoma]]
:* [[Adnexal]] and [[paratesticular]] tumors
::* [[Adenocarcinoma]] of the rete testis
::* [[Adenocarcinoma]] of the epididymis
::* Malignant [[mesothelioma]]
:* Other tumors
::* [[Lymphoma]]
::* [[Metastatic]]tumors
::* [[Carcinoid]]


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Urology]]
[[Category:Urology]]
|}

Latest revision as of 16:19, 28 May 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Gertrude Djouka, M.D.[2], Shanshan Cen, M.D. [3]

Overview

Testicular cancer is a very rare type of cancer. Based on the histopathological features, testicular cancer may be classified into six subtypes: germ cell tumors, sex-cord stromal tumors, tumors containing both germ cell and sex-cord stromal elements, miscellaneous tumors of the testis, hematolymphoid tumors, and tumors of collecting duct and rete testis.

Classification

WHO Classification of testicular Tumors

WHO classifies testicular tumors as follows:[1][2]

Testicular Cancer
Germ cell tumors Sex-cord stromal tumors Miscellaneous tumors of the testis Hematolymphoid tumors Tumors of collecting duct and rete testis Tumors containing both germ cell and sex-cord stromal elements
Germ cell tumors derived from germ cell neoplasia in situ:

Germ cell tumors unrelated to germ cell neoplasia in situ:

Ovarian epithelial-type tumors

Juvenile Xanthogranuloma

Hemangioma

References

  1. ↑ Williamson SR, Delahunt B, Magi-Galluzzi C, Algaba F, Egevad L, Ulbright TM, Tickoo SK, Srigley JR, Epstein JI, Berney DM (February 2017). "The World Health Organization 2016 classification of testicular germ cell tumours: a review and update from the International Society of Urological Pathology Testis Consultation Panel". Histopathology. 70 (3): 335–346. doi:10.1111/his.13102. PMID 27747907.
  2. ↑ Moch H, Cubilla AL, Humphrey PA, Reuter VE, Ulbright TM (July 2016). "The 2016 WHO Classification of Tumours of the Urinary System and Male Genital Organs-Part A: Renal, Penile, and Testicular Tumours". Eur. Urol. 70 (1): 93–105. doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2016.02.029. PMID 26935559.


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