Psoriasis historical perspective: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 23:52, 29 July 2020

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Syed Hassan A. Kazmi BSc, MD [2]

Overview

Psoriasis was first described during ancient times. Psoriasis was referred to as "Tzaraat" in the Bible, although the term also included other skin conditions. Initially, psoriasis, leprosy, and other inflammatory skin conditions were thought to be the same, but with the advancement of medical science, psoriasis became known to be a separate entity. In the 1960s and 1970s, the understanding of the pathophysiology of psoriasis advanced substantially following histopathological study of the disease. During the 20th century, psoriasis was further differentiated into specific sub-types.

Historical Perspective

Psoriasis is one of the longest-known illnesses afflicting humans and one of the most widely misunderstood.^[1]
Psoriasis was first described during ancient times; it was referred to as "Tzaraat" in the Bible, although the term also included other skin conditions.
In ancient times, psoriasis, leprosy, and other inflammatory skin conditions were thought to be the same entity.
In the late 18th century, English dermatologists Robert Willan and Thomas Bateman differentiated psoriasis from other skin diseases, calling it Willan's lepra. They assigned names to the condition based on the appearance of lesions.
In the 19th century, psoriasis was described as a separate disease after clinical descriptions separated it from other conditions.
In 1841, Viennese dermatologist Ferdinand von Hebra finally named the condition psoriasis, differentiating it from leprosy.
The word psoriasis originates from the Greek word psora, which means to itch.^[2]
In 1960s and 1970s, the understanding of the pathophysiology of psoriasis advanced substantially following histopathological study of the disease.
During the 20th century, psoriasis was further differentiated into specific sub-types.

Landmark events in the development of treatment strategies

Ancient Egyptians applied cat feces to red lesions on the skin, which was one of the earliest topical treatments employed in the management of psoriasis.
Other known ancient treatments include the application of onions, sea salt, urine, goose oil and semen, wasp droppings in sycamore milk, and soup made from vipers topically on the skin.
In the Victorian and Edwardian eras, sulfur was fashionable as a treatment for psoriasis. It has recently regained some credibility as a safe alternative to steroids and coal tar.
During the 18th and 19th centuries, dermatologists used to apply Fowler's solution, which contains a poisonous and carcinogenic arsenic compound, as a treatment for psoriasis.
During the middle of the 20th century, Grenz Rays (also called ultrasoft x-rays or Bucky rays) was a popular treatment of psoriasis.
During 1950-1960, undecylenic acid was investigated and used to treat psoriasis.^[3]

References

↑ Shai A, Vardy D, Zvulunov A (2002). "[Psoriasis, biblical afflictions and patients' dignity]". Harefuah (in Hebrew). 141 (5): 479–82, 496. PMID 12073533.
↑ Glickman FS (1986). "Lepra, psora, psoriasis". J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 14 (5 Pt 1): 863–6. PMID 3519699.
↑ Ereaux L, Craig G (1949). "The Oral Administration Of Undecylenic Acid In The Treatment Of Psoriasis" (PDF). Canad. M. A. J. 61: 361–4. Retrieved 2007-01-05. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help) - see page 4/364 of link

Template:WH Template:WS

[Shai-1] Shai A, Vardy D, Zvulunov A (2002). "[Psoriasis, biblical afflictions and patients' dignity]". Harefuah (in Hebrew). 141 (5): 479–82, 496. PMID 12073533.

[Glickman-2] Glickman FS (1986). "Lepra, psora, psoriasis". J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 14 (5 Pt 1): 863–6. PMID 3519699.

[3] Ereaux L, Craig G (1949). "The Oral Administration Of Undecylenic Acid In The Treatment Of Psoriasis" (PDF). Canad. M. A. J. 61: 361–4. Retrieved 2007-01-05. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help) - see page 4/364 of link

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[2]

[3]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__
 {{Psoriasis}}
-{{CMG}}
+{{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{HK}}
 ==Overview==
-Psoriasis was first described during ancient times and named Tzaraat in the Bible, which also included other skin conditions. At first, psoriasis, leprosy and other inflammatory skin conditions were though to be the same but with the advancement of medical science, it became known to be a separate entity. The pathophysiology of psoriasis was described in 1960's and 1970's after histopathological study of the disease. The application of cat feces to red lesions on the skin, for example, was one of the earliest topical treatments employed in ancient Egypt. Onions, sea salt and [[urine]], goose oil and [[semen]], wasp droppings in sycamore milk, and soup made from vipers have all been reported as being ancient treatments. Sulfur was fashionable as a treatment for psoriasis in the Victorian and Edwardian eras and has gained importance again in the modern era as a substitute for other treatments.
+Psoriasis was first described during ancient times. Psoriasis was referred to as "Tzaraat" in the Bible, although the term also included other skin conditions. Initially, psoriasis, [[leprosy]], and other [[inflammatory]] [[skin]] conditions were thought to be the same, but with the advancement of medical science, psoriasis became known to be a separate entity. In the 1960s and 1970s, the understanding of the [[pathophysiology]] of psoriasis advanced substantially following [[histopathological]] study of the disease. During the 20th century, psoriasis was further differentiated into specific sub-types.
 ==Historical Perspective==
+* Psoriasis is one of the longest-known illnesses afflicting humans and one of the most widely misunderstood.<ref name="Shai">{{cite journal |author=Shai A, Vardy D, Zvulunov A |title=[Psoriasis, biblical afflictions and patients' dignity] |language=Hebrew |journal=Harefuah |volume=141 |issue=5 |pages=479-82, 496 |year=2002 |pmid=12073533 |doi=}}</ref>
+* Psoriasis was first described during ancient times; it was referred to as "Tzaraat" in the Bible, although the term also included other skin conditions.
+* In ancient times, psoriasis, [[leprosy]], and other [[Inflammation|inflammatory]] [[skin]] conditions were thought to be the same entity.
+* In the late 18th century, English [[dermatologist]]s [[Robert Willan]] and Thomas Bateman differentiated psoriasis from other [[Skin Disease|skin diseases]], calling it ''Willan's lepra''. They assigned names to the condition based on the appearance of [[lesions]].
+* In the 19th century, psoriasis was described as a separate disease after clinical descriptions separated it from other conditions.
+* In 1841, Viennese dermatologist [[Ferdinand Ritter von Hebra|Ferdinand von Hebra]] finally named the condition ''psoriasis,'' differentiating it from [[leprosy]].
+* The word psoriasis originates from the Greek word ''psora,'' which means ''to [[itch]]''.<ref name="Glickman">{{cite journal |author=Glickman FS |title=Lepra, psora, psoriasis |journal=J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. |volume=14 |issue=5 Pt 1 |pages=863-6 |year=1986 |pmid=3519699 |doi=}}</ref>
+* In 1960s and 1970s, the understanding of the [[pathophysiology]] of psoriasis advanced substantially following [[histopathological]] study of the disease.
+* During the 20th century, psoriasis was further differentiated into specific sub-types.
+==Landmark events in the development of treatment strategies==
 [[Image:Tegrin1964.jpg|left|thumb|100px|1964 Tegrin advertisement]]
-* Psoriasis is probably one of the longest known illnesses of humans and simultaneously one of the most misunderstood. Some scholars believe psoriasis to have been included among the skin conditions called Tzaraat in the Bible.<ref name="Shai">{{cite journal |author=Shai A, Vardy D, Zvulunov A |title=[Psoriasis, biblical afflictions and patients' dignity] |language=Hebrew |journal=Harefuah |volume=141 |issue=5 |pages=479-82, 496 |year=2002 |pmid=12073533 |doi=}}</ref>
+* Ancient Egyptians applied cat [[feces]] to red [[lesions]] on the skin, which was one of the earliest [[topical]] treatments employed in the management of psoriasis.
-* In ancient times psoriasis, leprosy and other inflammatory skin conditions were thought to bet the same entity.
+* Other known ancient treatments include the application of onions, sea salt, [[urine]], goose oil and [[semen]], wasp droppings in sycamore milk, and soup made from vipers topically on the skin.
-* The Greeks used the term lepra (λεπρα) for scaly skin conditions. They used term psora to describe itchy skin conditions. It became known as ''Willan's lepra'' in the late 18th century when English [[dermatologist]]s [[Robert Willan]] and Thomas Bateman differentiated it from other skin diseases. They assigned names to the condition based on the appearance of lesions.
+* In the Victorian and Edwardian eras, [[sulfur]] was fashionable as a treatment for psoriasis. It has recently regained some credibility as a safe alternative to [[steroids]] and [[coal tar]].
-* It was only in the 19th century that psoriasis was described as a separate disease, after clinical descriptions separated it from other conditions.
+* During the 18th and 19th centuries, dermatologists used to apply [[Fowler's solution]], which contains a poisonous and carcinogenic [[arsenic]] compound, as a treatment for psoriasis.
-* While it may have been visually, and later semantically, confused with [[leprosy]] it was not until 1841 that the condition was finally given the name ''psoriasis'' by the Viennese dermatologist [[Ferdinand Ritter von Hebra|Ferdinand von Hebra]]. The name is derived from the [[Greek language|Greek]] word ''psora'' which means ''to itch''.<ref name="Glickman">{{cite journal |author=Glickman FS |title=Lepra, psora, psoriasis |journal=J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. |volume=14 |issue=5 Pt 1 |pages=863-6 |year=1986 |pmid=3519699 |doi=}}</ref>
+* During the middle of the 20th century, [[Grenz Rays]] (also called ultrasoft x-rays or Bucky rays) was a popular treatment of psoriasis.
-* There was a major advancement in the understanding of pathophysiology of psoriasis in 1960's and 1970's after histopathological description of the disease.
+* During 1950-1960, [[undecylenic acid]] was investigated and used to treat psoriasis.<ref>{{cite journal | author=Ereaux L, Craig G | title=The Oral Administration Of Undecylenic Acid In The Treatment Of Psoriasis | journal=Canad. M. A. J. | year=1949 | month=Oct | volume=61 | pages=361-4 | url=http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/picrender.fcgi?artid=1591667&blobtype=pdf | format=PDF | accessdate=2007-01-05}} - see page 4/364 of link</ref>
-* It was during the 20th century that psoriasis was further differentiated into specific types.
+<br style="clear:left">
-===Historical Treatment===
-* The history of psoriasis is littered with treatments of dubious effectiveness and high toxicity. These treatments received brief popularity at particular time periods or within certain geographical regions.
-* The application of cat feces to red lesions on the skin, for example, was one of the earliest topical treatments employed in ancient Egypt. Onions, sea salt and [[urine]], goose oil and [[semen]], wasp droppings in sycamore milk, and soup made from vipers have all been reported as being ancient treatments.
-* In the more recent past [[Fowler's solution]], which contains a poisonous and carcinogenic [[arsenic]] compound, was used by dermatologists as a treatment for psoriasis during the 18th and 19th centuries.
-* [[Grenz Rays]] (also called ultrasoft X-rays or Bucky rays) was a popular treatment of psoriasis during the middle of the 20th century. This type of therapy was superseded by ultraviolet therapy.
-* [[Undecylenic acid]] was investigated and used for psoriasis some 40 years ago.<ref>{{cite journal | author=Ereaux L, Craig G | title=The Oral Administration Of Undecylenic Acid In The Treatment Of Psoriasis | journal=Canad. M. A. J. | year=1949 | month=Oct | volume=61 | pages=361-4 | url=http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/picrender.fcgi?artid=1591667&blobtype=pdf | format=PDF | accessdate=2007-01-05}} - see page 4/364 of link</ref>
-* Sulfur was fashionable as a treatment for psoriasis in the Victorian and Edwardian eras. It has recently re-gained some credibilty as a safe alternative to steroids and coal tar.
 ==References==
 {{Reflist|2}}
+{{WH}}
+{{WS}}
-[[Category:Primary care]]
 [[Category:Dermatology]]
-[[Category:Needs overview]]
-[[Category:Disease]]
-{{WH}}
-{{WS}}