Primary biliary cirrhosis laboratory findings: Difference between revisions

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{{Primary biliary cirrhosis}}
{{Primary biliary cirrhosis}}


{{CMG}}; {{AE}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Anmol}}
==Overview==
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis include elevated levels of [[bilirubin]], [[alkaline phosphatase]],  [[gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase]],  [[anti-mitochondrial antibodies]], [[lipids]], [[immunoglobulin M]], [[liver aminotransferases]].


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==Overview==
==Laboratory Findings==
==Laboratory Findings==
To diagnose PBC, distinctions should be established from other conditions with similar symptoms, such as [[autoimmune hepatitis]] or [[primary sclerosing cholangitis]] (PSC).
*Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis include:<ref name="pmid18215315">{{cite journal| author=Kumagi T, Heathcote EJ| title=Primary biliary cirrhosis. | journal=Orphanet J Rare Dis | year= 2008 | volume= 3 | issue=  | pages= 1 | pmid=18215315 | doi=10.1186/1750-1172-3-1 | pmc=2266722 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18215315  }} </ref><ref name="pmid12853201">{{cite journal| author=Talwalkar JA, Lindor KD| title=Primary biliary cirrhosis. | journal=Lancet | year= 2003 | volume= 362 | issue= 9377 | pages= 53-61 | pmid=12853201 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13808-1 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12853201  }} </ref><ref name="pmid3793004">{{cite journal| author=Mitchison HC, Bassendine MF, Hendrick A, Bennett MK, Bird G, Watson AJ et al.| title=Positive antimitochondrial antibody but normal alkaline phosphatase: is this primary biliary cirrhosis? | journal=Hepatology | year= 1986 | volume= 6 | issue= 6 | pages= 1279-84 | pmid=3793004 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3793004  }} </ref><ref name="pmid1568727">{{cite journal| author=Crippin JS, Lindor KD, Jorgensen R, Kottke BA, Harrison JM, Murtaugh PA et al.| title=Hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis in primary biliary cirrhosis: what is the risk? | journal=Hepatology | year= 1992 | volume= 15 | issue= 5 | pages= 858-62 | pmid=1568727 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1568727  }} </ref>
**[[Hyperbilirubinemia]]
**Elevated [[alkaline phosphatase]] (2–10 times upper limit of normal)
**Elevated [[gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase]] (GGT)
**Elevated serum [[anti-mitochondrial antibodies]] (AMA) in more than 90% patients (titres of 1/40 or greater)
**[[Hyperlipidemia]]
**Elevated [[immunoglobulin M]]
**Elevated [[liver aminotransferase]]


Diagnostic [[blood test]]s include:
*Some patients with primary biliary cirrhosis may have "nuclear-rim" and "multiple nuclear-dot" patterns, which is highly specific for primary biliary cirrhosis, particularly in AMA-negative patients.
* Deranged [[liver function test]]s (high [[alkaline phosphatase]], elevated AST, ALT)
*Some patients with primary biliary cirrhosis may have elevated [[antinuclear antibody]] (35% patients) and [[anti-smooth muscle antibody]] (66% patients).
* Presence of certain [[antibodies]]: [[Anti-mitochondrial antibody|antimitochondrial antibody]] [[antinuclear antibody|antinuclear antibodies]] like [[anti-glycoprotein-210 antibodies]], [[anti-centromere antibodies]], anti-sp100.  (the M2-[[IgG]] antimitochondrial antibody is the most specific test)


==References==
==References==
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{{Reflist|2}}
 
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Latest revision as of 23:49, 29 July 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anmol Pitliya, M.B.B.S. M.D.[2]

Overview

Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis include elevated levels of bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, anti-mitochondrial antibodies, lipids, immunoglobulin M, liver aminotransferases.

Laboratory Findings

  • Some patients with primary biliary cirrhosis may have "nuclear-rim" and "multiple nuclear-dot" patterns, which is highly specific for primary biliary cirrhosis, particularly in AMA-negative patients.
  • Some patients with primary biliary cirrhosis may have elevated antinuclear antibody (35% patients) and anti-smooth muscle antibody (66% patients).

References

  1. Kumagi T, Heathcote EJ (2008). "Primary biliary cirrhosis". Orphanet J Rare Dis. 3: 1. doi:10.1186/1750-1172-3-1. PMC 2266722. PMID 18215315.
  2. Talwalkar JA, Lindor KD (2003). "Primary biliary cirrhosis". Lancet. 362 (9377): 53–61. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13808-1. PMID 12853201.
  3. Mitchison HC, Bassendine MF, Hendrick A, Bennett MK, Bird G, Watson AJ; et al. (1986). "Positive antimitochondrial antibody but normal alkaline phosphatase: is this primary biliary cirrhosis?". Hepatology. 6 (6): 1279–84. PMID 3793004.
  4. Crippin JS, Lindor KD, Jorgensen R, Kottke BA, Harrison JM, Murtaugh PA; et al. (1992). "Hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis in primary biliary cirrhosis: what is the risk?". Hepatology. 15 (5): 858–62. PMID 1568727.

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