Oliguria (patient information): Difference between revisions
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{{Oliguria (patient information)}} | {{Oliguria (patient information)}} | ||
'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Oliguria|here]]''' | '''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Oliguria|here]]''' | ||
'''Editors-in-Chief:''' [[C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D.]] | '''Editors-in-Chief:'''[[C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D.]]; '''Associate Editor-In-Chief''': [[User:Ujjwal Rastogi|Ujjwal Rastogi, MBBS]] [mailto:urastogi@perfuse.org] | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
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==What causes Oliguria?== | ==What causes Oliguria?== | ||
* Dehydration due to vomiting, diarrhea, or fever, with a lack of adequate fluid intake | * [[Dehydration]] due to [[vomiting]], [[diarrhea]], or [[fever]], with a lack of adequate fluid intake. | ||
* Total urinary tract obstruction, such as from an enlarged prostate | * Total urinary tract obstruction, such as from an enlarged [[prostate]]. | ||
* Severe infection or any other medical condition leading to shock | * Severe [[infection]] or any other medical condition leading to [[shock]]. | ||
* Use of certain medications such as anticholinergics, methotrexate, and diuretics | * Use of certain medications such as anticholinergics, [[methotrexate]], and [[diuretics]]. | ||
==Who is at highest risk?== | ==Who is at highest risk?== | ||
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==When to seek urgent medical care?== | ==When to seek urgent medical care?== | ||
Contact your health care provider if you have: | Contact your health care provider if you have: | ||
* A noticeable and consistent decrease in urine output | * A noticeable and consistent decrease in urine output. | ||
* Vomiting , diarrhea, or high fever and are unable to replace fluids by mouth | * [[Vomiting]], [[diarrhea]], or high [[fever]] and are unable to replace fluids by mouth. | ||
* A decrease in urine output associated with dizziness, lightheadedness, or rapid pulse | * A decrease in urine output associated with [[dizziness]], [[lightheadedness]], or [[rapid pulse]]. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
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**Does drinking more increase your urine output? | **Does drinking more increase your urine output? | ||
**How much urine do you produce each day? | **How much urine do you produce each day? | ||
**What color is the urine? | **What color is the [[urine]]? | ||
* Aggravating factors | * Aggravating factors | ||
**Has there been fever? | **Has there been fever? | ||
**Has there been diarrhea? | **Has there been [[diarrhea]]? | ||
**Has there been vomiting? With or without nausea? | **Has there been [[vomiting]]? With or without [[nausea]]? | ||
**Is thirst decreased? | **Is thirst decreased? | ||
**What other symptoms do you have? | **What other symptoms do you have? | ||
* Other | * Other | ||
**What medications do you take? | **What medications do you take? | ||
**Do you have any allergies? | **Do you have any [[allergies]]? | ||
**Do you have access to adequate fluids? | **Do you have access to adequate fluids? | ||
* Medical history | * Medical history | ||
**Have you had any recent injuries such as burns? | **Have you had any recent injuries such as [[burns]]? | ||
**Have you been sick? | **Have you been sick? | ||
**Do you have a history of a problem with your | **Do you have a history of a problem with your [[kidney]]s or [[bladder]]? | ||
Tests that may be done include: | Tests that may be done include: | ||
* Blood studies to monitor | * Blood studies to monitor [[electrolyte]]s and kidney function | ||
* CT (cat) scan of the abdomen | * CT (cat) scan of the abdomen | ||
* Intravenous pyelogram (IVP) | * [[Intravenous pyelogram]] (IVP) | ||
* Renal scan | * Renal scan | ||
* Abdominal ultrasound | * Abdominal ultrasound | ||
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==Treatment options== | ==Treatment options== | ||
The treatment mainly depends on the cause. | |||
Home Care | ===Home Care=== | ||
Follow prescribed fluid regimens and measure urine output as directed. | Follow prescribed fluid regimens and measure urine output as directed. | ||
====Medications to avoid==== | |||
{{MedCondContrPI | |||
|MedCond = anuria|Bumetanide|Ethacrynic acid|Furosemide|Hydrochlorothiazide|Polythiazide|Spironolactone|Telmisartan|Tolvaptan|Torsemide|Mannitol|Olmesartan Medoxomil-Hydrochlorothiazide}} | |||
==Where to find medical care for Oliguria?== | ==Where to find medical care for Oliguria?== | ||
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Prevention depends on the underlying cause. | Prevention depends on the underlying cause. | ||
==References== | |||
{{Reflist|2}} | |||
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003147.htm | |||
[[Category:Nephrology]] | |||
[[Category:Cardiology]] | |||
[[Category:Intensive care medicine]] | |||
[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | |||
[[Category:Urology]] | [[Category:Urology]] | ||
[[Category:Patient information]] | [[Category:Patient information]] | ||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
Latest revision as of 19:51, 10 June 2015
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Oliguria |
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Oliguria On the Web |
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For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here
Editors-in-Chief:C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D.; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Ujjwal Rastogi, MBBS [1]
Overview
Decreased urine output is defined as producing less than 500 milliliters of urine in 24 hours.
What causes Oliguria?
- Dehydration due to vomiting, diarrhea, or fever, with a lack of adequate fluid intake.
- Total urinary tract obstruction, such as from an enlarged prostate.
- Severe infection or any other medical condition leading to shock.
- Use of certain medications such as anticholinergics, methotrexate, and diuretics.
Who is at highest risk?
Patient having any of the conditions mentioned in the causes are at risk of oliguria.
When to seek urgent medical care?
Contact your health care provider if you have:
- A noticeable and consistent decrease in urine output.
- Vomiting, diarrhea, or high fever and are unable to replace fluids by mouth.
- A decrease in urine output associated with dizziness, lightheadedness, or rapid pulse.
Diagnosis
The health care provider will perform a physical exam and ask questions about your medical history and symptoms, including:
- Time pattern
- When did this begin?
- Did it occur suddenly?
- Has it rapidly become worse?
- Quality
- How much do you drink each day?
- Does drinking more increase your urine output?
- How much urine do you produce each day?
- What color is the urine?
- Aggravating factors
- Other
- What medications do you take?
- Do you have any allergies?
- Do you have access to adequate fluids?
- Medical history
Tests that may be done include:
- Blood studies to monitor electrolytes and kidney function
- CT (cat) scan of the abdomen
- Intravenous pyelogram (IVP)
- Renal scan
- Abdominal ultrasound
- Urine tests, including tests for infection
Treatment options
The treatment mainly depends on the cause.
Home Care
Follow prescribed fluid regimens and measure urine output as directed.
Medications to avoid
Patients diagnosed with anuria should avoid using the following medications:
- Bumetanide
- Ethacrynic acid
- Furosemide
- Hydrochlorothiazide
- Polythiazide
- Spironolactone
- Telmisartan
- Tolvaptan
- Torsemide
- Olmesartan Medoxomil-Hydrochlorothiazide
If you have been diagnosed with anuria, consult your physician before starting or stopping any of these medications.
Where to find medical care for Oliguria?
Directions to Hospitals Treating Acute tubular necrosis
What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?
Prognosis depends on the cause of oliguria.
Possible complications
Although a significant decrease in urine output may indicate a serious, even life-threatening condition, adequate urine output can be restored with prompt medical treatment.
Prevention
Prevention depends on the underlying cause.