Marburg hemorrhagic fever history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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{{Marburg hemorrhagic fever}} | {{Marburg hemorrhagic fever}} | ||
{{CMG}}{{AE}} | {{CMG}};{{AE}} {{ARK}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Marburg hemorrhagic fever initially appears as a nonspecific [[febrile]] [[illness]], which then rapidly progresses and leads to [[hemorrhagic]] complications and in severe cases may lead to a [[septic shock]]-like syndrome. | |||
==History and Symptoms== | ==History and Symptoms== | ||
Because many of the signs and symptoms of Marburg hemorrhagic fever are similar to those of other infectious diseases, such as [[malaria]] or [[typhoid]], diagnosis of the disease can be difficult, especially if only a single case is involved. The incubation period (interval from infection to onset of symptoms) varies from 5 to 10 days. The disease is spread through [[bodily fluid]]s, including [[blood]], [[excrement]], [[saliva]], and [[vomit]] and a history of such contact should be solicited. | *Marburg hemorrhagic fever initially appears as a nonspecific [[febrile]] [[illness]], which then rapidly progresses and leads to [[hemorrhagic]] complications and in severe cases may lead to a [[septic shock]]-like syndrome. <ref name="pmid22046196">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mehedi M, Groseth A, Feldmann H, Ebihara H |title=Clinical aspects of Marburg hemorrhagic fever |journal=Future Virol |volume=6 |issue=9 |pages=1091–1106 |year=2011 |pmid=22046196 |pmc=3201746 |doi=10.2217/fvl.11.79 |url=}}</ref> | ||
* | *Because many of the signs and symptoms of Marburg hemorrhagic fever are similar to those of other [[Infectious disease|infectious diseases]], such as [[malaria]] or [[typhoid]], diagnosis of the disease can be difficult, especially if only a single case is involved. | ||
*The [[incubation period]] (interval from [[infection]] to onset of [[Symptom|symptoms]]) varies from 5 to 10 days. The disease is spread through [[bodily fluid]]s, including [[blood]], [[excrement]], [[saliva]], and [[vomit]] and a history of such contact should be solicited. | |||
*Many patients develop severe [[hemorrhagic]] manifestations between 5 and 7 days, and [[fatal]] cases usually have some form of [[bleeding]], often from multiple areas. Fresh [[blood]] in [[Nausea and vomiting|vomitus]] and [[feces]] is often accompanied by [[Epistaxis|bleeding from the nose]], [[gums]], and [[vagina]]. Spontaneous [[bleeding]] at [[venipuncture]] sites can also occur. | |||
*The time course varies but the disease lasts betweeen one and three weeks. | |||
*The [[fatality rate]] ranges from 23 to 90%. | |||
*Death occurs most often between 8 and 9 days after [[symptom]] onset, usually preceded by severe [[blood loss]] and [[shock]]. If a patient survives, recovery is usually prompt and complete, though it may be prolonged in some cases. Persistent symptoms may include [[inflammation]] or secondary [[infection]] of various organs, including: [[orchitis]], [[hepatitis]], [[transverse myelitis]], [[uveitis]], or [[parotitis]]. Involvement of the [[central nervous system]] can result in [[confusion]], [[irritability]], and aggression. [[Orchitis]] has been reported occasionally in the late phase of disease (15 days). | |||
*The major cause of death is attributed to [[multiorgan failure]] and [[shock]]. <ref name="pmid22046196">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mehedi M, Groseth A, Feldmann H, Ebihara H |title=Clinical aspects of Marburg hemorrhagic fever |journal=Future Virol |volume=6 |issue=9 |pages=1091–1106 |year=2011 |pmid=22046196 |pmc=3201746 |doi=10.2217/fvl.11.79 |url=}}</ref> | |||
*Survivors experience delayed recovery with a variety of complications. <ref name="pmid22046196">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mehedi M, Groseth A, Feldmann H, Ebihara H |title=Clinical aspects of Marburg hemorrhagic fever |journal=Future Virol |volume=6 |issue=9 |pages=1091–1106 |year=2011 |pmid=22046196 |pmc=3201746 |doi=10.2217/fvl.11.79 |url=}}</ref> | |||
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px;" align="center" | |||
| colspan="3" style="background: #4479BA; text-align: center;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|'''Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever: Symptoms and Disease Progression'''}} | |||
|+ | |||
! rowspan="1" style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px 5px;" |'''Generalisation Phase (Day 1 to Day 5)''' | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | |||
*[[Fever]] | |||
*[[Headache]] | |||
*[[Chills]] | |||
*[[Myalgia]] | |||
*[[Malaise]] | |||
*[[Fatigue]] | |||
*[[Nausea]] | |||
*[[Vomiting]] | |||
*[[Diarrhea|Diarrhoea]] | |||
*[[Abdominal Pain]] | |||
*[[Conjunctivitis]] | |||
Many patients develop severe hemorrhagic manifestations between 5 and 7 days, and fatal cases usually have some form of bleeding, often from multiple areas. Fresh blood in vomitus and feces is often accompanied by bleeding from the nose, gums, and vagina. Spontaneous bleeding at venipuncture sites can also occur. | *[[Rash]] | ||
*[[Pharyngitis]] | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="1" style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px 5px;" |'''Early Organ Phase (Day 6 to Day 13)''' | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | |||
*[[Fever]] | |||
*[[Bloody diarrhea]] ([[Melena]]) | |||
*[[Hematemesis]] | |||
*Exanthema | |||
*[[Petechiae]]/[[ecchymoses]] | |||
*[[Mucosal]] [[hemorrhage]] | |||
*[[Visceral]] [[hemorrhage]] | |||
*[[Dyspnea]] | |||
*[[Conjunctival injection]] | |||
*[[Edema]] | |||
*[[Apathy]]/[[depression]] | |||
*[[Irritability]]/aggression | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="1" style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px 5px;" |'''Late Organ or Convalescence Phase (Day 14 to Day 21)''' | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | |||
*[[Fever]] | |||
*[[Obtundation]] | |||
*[[Dementia]] | |||
*[[Coma]] | |||
*[[Convulsions]] | |||
*Diffuse [[coagulopathy]] | |||
*[[Metabolism|Metabolic]] disturbances | |||
*[[Shock]] | |||
*[[Myalgia]] | |||
*[[Arthralgia]] | |||
*[[Hepatitis]] | |||
*[[Asthenia]] | |||
*[[Ocular]] disease | |||
*[[Psychosis]] | |||
*Social separation | |||
*[[Orchitis]] (inflammation of one or both testicles) | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
Latest revision as of 19:15, 20 October 2017
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Marburg hemorrhagic fever Microchapters |
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Differentiating Marburg hemorrhagic fever from other Diseases |
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Marburg hemorrhagic fever history and symptoms On the Web |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Marburg hemorrhagic fever history and symptoms |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aravind Reddy Kothagadi M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
Marburg hemorrhagic fever initially appears as a nonspecific febrile illness, which then rapidly progresses and leads to hemorrhagic complications and in severe cases may lead to a septic shock-like syndrome.
History and Symptoms
- Marburg hemorrhagic fever initially appears as a nonspecific febrile illness, which then rapidly progresses and leads to hemorrhagic complications and in severe cases may lead to a septic shock-like syndrome. [1]
- Because many of the signs and symptoms of Marburg hemorrhagic fever are similar to those of other infectious diseases, such as malaria or typhoid, diagnosis of the disease can be difficult, especially if only a single case is involved.
- The incubation period (interval from infection to onset of symptoms) varies from 5 to 10 days. The disease is spread through bodily fluids, including blood, excrement, saliva, and vomit and a history of such contact should be solicited.
- Many patients develop severe hemorrhagic manifestations between 5 and 7 days, and fatal cases usually have some form of bleeding, often from multiple areas. Fresh blood in vomitus and feces is often accompanied by bleeding from the nose, gums, and vagina. Spontaneous bleeding at venipuncture sites can also occur.
- The time course varies but the disease lasts betweeen one and three weeks.
- The fatality rate ranges from 23 to 90%.
- Death occurs most often between 8 and 9 days after symptom onset, usually preceded by severe blood loss and shock. If a patient survives, recovery is usually prompt and complete, though it may be prolonged in some cases. Persistent symptoms may include inflammation or secondary infection of various organs, including: orchitis, hepatitis, transverse myelitis, uveitis, or parotitis. Involvement of the central nervous system can result in confusion, irritability, and aggression. Orchitis has been reported occasionally in the late phase of disease (15 days).
- The major cause of death is attributed to multiorgan failure and shock. [1]
- Survivors experience delayed recovery with a variety of complications. [1]
| Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever: Symptoms and Disease Progression | ||
| Generalisation Phase (Day 1 to Day 5) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Early Organ Phase (Day 6 to Day 13) | ||
| Late Organ or Convalescence Phase (Day 14 to Day 21) |
| |
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Mehedi M, Groseth A, Feldmann H, Ebihara H (2011). "Clinical aspects of Marburg hemorrhagic fever". Future Virol. 6 (9): 1091–1106. doi:10.2217/fvl.11.79. PMC 3201746. PMID 22046196.