Ischemic stroke primary prevention
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aysha Anwar, M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
Primary Prevention
Primary prevention is the reduction of risk factors across the board, by public health measures such as reducing smoking and the other behaviours that increase risk.
Prevention is an important public health concern. Identification of patients with treatable risk factors for stroke is paramount. Aspirin (usually at a low dose of 75 mg) is recommended for the primary (as well as secondary) prevention of stroke.
Treating hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking cessation, control of hypercholesterolemia, physical exercise, and avoidance of illicit drugs and excessive alcohol consumption are all recommended ways of reducing the risk of stroke.[1]
Preventive measures are especially beneficial for those with high susceptibility – individuals with hypertension and atrial fibrillation, the overweight, cigarette smokers, and people living with diabetes. Engaging in a healthy lifestyle is one of the best ways to prevent stroke. A healthy lifestyle means eschewing drugs (another known risk factor) and tobacco as well as having frequent exercise and a daily diet rich in fruits and vegetables. Obstructive sleep apnea causes irregular nightly oxygen levels, which makes it important for sufferers to seek treatment from their physician. People with a history of ischemic stroke may be prescribed anticoagulant drugs such as Warfarin and Heparin along with frequent INR testing in order to avoid stroke re-occurrence [3].
References
- ↑ American Heart Association. (2007). Stroke Risk Factors Americanheart.org. Retrieved on January 22, 2007.