Gastrointestinal varices classification

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

Classification

Classification of esophageal varices

The following table outlines the major classification schemes for esophageal varices, based on grades:

Classification system Grade Interpretation of grade
Dagradi classification 1
  • Blue or red discoloration of varices
  • Become prominent on compression of esophageal wall by esophagoscope
  • Linear/sigmoid shaped
  • < 2 mm in diameter
2
  • Bluish in color
  • 2–3 mm in diameter
  • Mildly tortuous or straight
  • Elevated above the surface or the relaxed oesophagus
3
  • Prominently elevated bluish veins
  • 3–4 mm in diameter
  • Straight or tortuous
4
  • Bluish varices
  • > 4 mm in diameter, which completely surround the oesophageal lumen and almost meet in the mid-lumen
  • Tortuous
  • Closely packed around the wall
  • With or without mucosal cover
5
  • Grape-like appearance
  • Occlude the lumen of the advancing oesophagoscope
  • Presence of small, cherry-red varices on top of a base of bluish varices
Conn's classification I
II
III
IV
Paquet’s classification I
II
III
IV
Westaby classification 1
2
3
4
Soehendra classification I
II
III
IV
Calès classification 1
2
3

References

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