Encephalopathy causes: Difference between revisions

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|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Aldesleukin]],  [[Aminosalicylic acid]], [[Blinatumomab]],  [[Bortezomib]],  [[Cefepime]], [[Ceftazidime]], [[Ciclosporin]], [[Cidofovir]], [[Cisplatin]], [[Cytarabine]],  [[Cytarabine liposome]], [[Epoetin beta ]],  [[Esomeprazole]], [[Gallium nitrate]], [[Gentamicin]],  [[Levofloxacin]] ,  [[Melarsoprol]],  [[Metronidazole]], [[Muromonab-CD3]], [[Nitisinone]], [[Ramucirumab]], [[Topiramate]],  [[Valacyclovir]],  [[Valproate]], [[Zanamivir]], [[Zonisamide]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Aldesleukin]],  [[Aminosalicylic acid]], [[Blinatumomab]],  [[Bortezomib]],  [[Cefepime]], [[Ceftazidime]], [[Ciclosporin]], [[Cidofovir]], [[Cisplatin]], [[Cysteamine]] , [[Cytarabine]],  [[Cytarabine liposome]], [[Epoetin beta ]],  [[Esomeprazole]], [[Gallium nitrate]], [[Gentamicin]],  [[Levofloxacin]] ,  [[Melarsoprol]],  [[Metronidazole]], [[Muromonab-CD3]], [[Nitisinone]], [[Ramucirumab]], [[Topiramate]],  [[Valacyclovir]],  [[Valproate]], [[Zanamivir]], [[Zonisamide]]
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Revision as of 04:21, 17 April 2015

Encephalopathy

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Encephalopathy from other Diseases

Epidemiology & Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications & Prognosis

Diagnosis

Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

Electroencephalogram

Chest X Ray

CT

MRI

Echocardiography or Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Encephalopathy causes On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Encephalopathy causes

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Encephalopathy causes

CDC on Encephalopathy causes

Encephalopathy causes in the news

Blogs on Encephalopathy causes

Directions to Hospitals Treating Encephalopathy

Risk calculators and risk factors for Encephalopathy causes

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2]

Overview

Encephalopathy alters brain function and/or structure. It may be caused by an infectious agent (bacteria, virus, orprion), metabolic or mitochondrial dysfunction, brain tumor or increased intracranial pressure, prolonged exposure to toxins (including solvents, drugs, alcohol, paints, industrial chemicals, and certain metals), radiation, chronic progressive trauma, poor nutrition, or lack of oxygen or blood flow to the brain. It is also known that concomitant use of lithium with other neuroleptics may, in rare cases, cause encephalopathy.

Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Hemorrhagic shock, Malignant hypertension, Progressive encephalopathy with edema, hypsarrhythmia and optic atrophy
Chemical / poisoning Alcohol withdrawal, Aluminum , Carbon monoxide poisoning, Ifosamide, Lead poisoning, Methylene Chloride , Narcotics, Occupational lead exposure , Toxic mushrooms
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Aldesleukin, Aminosalicylic acid, Blinatumomab, Bortezomib, Cefepime, Ceftazidime, Ciclosporin, Cidofovir, Cisplatin, Cysteamine , Cytarabine, Cytarabine liposome, Epoetin beta , Esomeprazole, Gallium nitrate, Gentamicin, Levofloxacin , Melarsoprol, Metronidazole, Muromonab-CD3, Nitisinone, Ramucirumab, Topiramate, Valacyclovir, Valproate, Zanamivir, Zonisamide
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Hashimoto's encephalopathy
Environmental Hypoxia, Near drowning
Gastroenterologic Acute liver failure , Budd-Chiari syndrome , Chronic liver disease , Cirrhosis of liver , Idiopathic liver cirrhosis , Liver failure, Obliterative portal venopathy , Reye syndrome , Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome , Hepatoma
Genetic Chromosome 18 Ring, Pyridoxamine 5-prime-phosphate oxidase deficiency , Chromosome 9, trisomy 9q, Chromosome 9q duplication syndrome, Bonnemann-Meinecke-Reich syndrome , Landau–Kleffner syndrome , Lennox–Gastaut syndrome, Ohtahara syndrome , West syndrome, Carnitine deficiency syndromes , Carnitine palmitoyl transferase deficiency , Carnitine transporter deficiency , Cytochrome c oxidase deficiency , MELAS , NADH CoQ reductase deficiency
Hematologic Mosse syndrome
Iatrogenic Peritoneal dialysis, Transjugular intrahepatic porto systemic shunt
Infectious Disease Adenoviridae Infections , Boutonneuse fever , Bovine spongiform encephalopathy , Brain abscess, HIV, India tick typhus , Israeli spotted fever , Kuru, Lyme disease , Marseilles fever , Mediterranean Spotted Fever , Psittacosis , Whooping Cough , Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, Guillain-Barre syndrome
Musculoskeletal / Ortho Neuromuscular disorder
Neurologic Bing-Neel syndrome , Bonnemann-Meinecke-Reich syndrome , Early myoclonic encephalopathy, Granulomatous angiitis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, Landau–Kleffner syndrome , Lennox–Gastaut syndrome, Motor neuron disease, Myasthenia gravis, Neuromuscular disorder, Ohtahara syndrome , Progressive encephalopathy with edema, hypsarrhythmia and optic atrophy, Post-ictal state, Raised intracranial pressure, Scrapie, Stroke, West syndrome, Bovine spongiform encephalopathy , Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome
Nutritional / Metabolic Acidosis, Alcoholism, Carnitine deficiency syndromes , Carnitine palmitoyl transferase deficiency , Carnitine transporter deficiency , Coenzyme Q 10 deficiency , Complex 1 mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiency , Cytochrome c oxidase deficiency , Electrolyte abnormalities, HMG CoA synthetase deficiency , Hyperammonemia, Hypoglycemia, Inborn urea cycle disorder , Malnutrition, MELAS , NADH CoQ reductase deficiency , Obesity, Ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) Deficiency , Thiamine deficiency, Uremia, Uremic encephalopathy, Vitamin B deficiency, Wernicke Korsakoff syndrome , Wernicke's encephalopathy, Pyridoxamine 5-prime-phosphate oxidase deficiency
Obstetric/Gynecologic Acute fatty liver of pregnancy
Oncologic Brain tumour, Hepatoma
Opthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity Acetaminophen toxicity
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary Asthma, Atelectasis, Bronchiectasis, Central alveolar hypoventilation, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Ephysema, Obesity hypoventilation syndrome, Pneumonia, Pneumothorax, Primary alveolar hypoventilation, Sleep apnea
Renal / Electrolyte Hyponatremia, Renal failure
Rheum / Immune / Allergy Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome , Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome , Vasculitis, Hashimoto's encephalopathy
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma Concussion
Urologic No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Miscellaneous No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order


References

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