Coronary collaterals: Difference between revisions
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{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{ | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Hilda}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Coronary collateral arteries bypass the blockage in the main artery and supply enough oxygenated blood to enable the cardiac tissue to survive and recover. | |||
==Examples== | ==Collateral Circulation Grading== | ||
Angiographic assessment of apparent collaterals is useful to quantify the angiogenic response to interventions designed to enhance myocardial perfusion and function in ischemic myocardium.<ref>Fuchs S. Lack of correlation between angiographic grading of collateral and myocardial perfusion and function. Coron Ar Disease 2001; 12: 173-78.</ref> <ref>Abbott JD, Choi EJ, Selzer F, Srinivas VS, Williams DO Impact of Coronary Collaterals on Outcome Following PCI [from the NHLBI Dynamic Registry]. Am J Cardiol. 2005; 96: 676–680.</ref> <ref>Koerselman J, van der Graaf Y, de Jaegere PP, Grobbee DE. Coronary Collaterals an Important and Underexposed Aspect of Coronary Artery Disease. Circulation. 2003; 107: 2507-2511.</ref>. Collateral Circulation is assessed visually using the following grading system: | |||
* '''Grade 0:''' No collaterals present. Angiography fails to reveal evidence of collateral vessels. | |||
* '''Grade 1 (or partial):''' Minimal collaterals present. Evidence of minimal to partial filling of the recipient branch epicardial arteries/infarct region. It is not necessary for one to see the branches connect directly to the major epicardial artery. | |||
* '''Grade 2 (or complete):''' Well-developed collaterals. Evidence of collateral circulation with near complete to complete filling of the recipient major epicardial artery/infarct region. | |||
* '''Grade 3 (myocardial):''' Filling of the myocardium by collaterals. If the collaterals are not filling any visible arterial branch, but are only participating in the perfusion of the myocardium. | |||
==Angiography Examples== | |||
Click '''[[Coronary angiography collateral artery|here]]''' for coronary angiography examples of collateral arteries. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 22:08, 4 September 2013
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hilda Mahmoudi M.D., M.P.H.[2]
Overview
Coronary collateral arteries bypass the blockage in the main artery and supply enough oxygenated blood to enable the cardiac tissue to survive and recover.
Collateral Circulation Grading
Angiographic assessment of apparent collaterals is useful to quantify the angiogenic response to interventions designed to enhance myocardial perfusion and function in ischemic myocardium.[1] [2] [3]. Collateral Circulation is assessed visually using the following grading system:
- Grade 0: No collaterals present. Angiography fails to reveal evidence of collateral vessels.
- Grade 1 (or partial): Minimal collaterals present. Evidence of minimal to partial filling of the recipient branch epicardial arteries/infarct region. It is not necessary for one to see the branches connect directly to the major epicardial artery.
- Grade 2 (or complete): Well-developed collaterals. Evidence of collateral circulation with near complete to complete filling of the recipient major epicardial artery/infarct region.
- Grade 3 (myocardial): Filling of the myocardium by collaterals. If the collaterals are not filling any visible arterial branch, but are only participating in the perfusion of the myocardium.
Angiography Examples
Click here for coronary angiography examples of collateral arteries.
References
- ↑ Fuchs S. Lack of correlation between angiographic grading of collateral and myocardial perfusion and function. Coron Ar Disease 2001; 12: 173-78.
- ↑ Abbott JD, Choi EJ, Selzer F, Srinivas VS, Williams DO Impact of Coronary Collaterals on Outcome Following PCI [from the NHLBI Dynamic Registry]. Am J Cardiol. 2005; 96: 676–680.
- ↑ Koerselman J, van der Graaf Y, de Jaegere PP, Grobbee DE. Coronary Collaterals an Important and Underexposed Aspect of Coronary Artery Disease. Circulation. 2003; 107: 2507-2511.