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==Overview==
==Overview==
Chest CT scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of carcinoid tumor. On high-resolution CT scan of the chest, peripheral pulmonary carcinoid tumor is characterized by a solitary and round [[pulmonary nodule]] with a lobulated margin, whereas bronchial carcinoid tumor is characterized by a single well-defined, round or ovoid, hilar or perihilar [[mass]] with marked homogenous enhancement. On CT scan of the neck, thymic carcinoid tumor is characterized by a mass with heterogeneous attenuation.
Chest CT scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of carcinoid tumor. On high-resolution CT scan of the chest, peripheral pulmonary carcinoid tumor is characterized by a solitary and round [[pulmonary nodule]] with a lobulated margin, whereas bronchial carcinoid tumor is characterized by a single well-defined, round or ovoid, hilar or perihilar [[mass]] with marked homogenous enhancement. On CT scan of the neck, thymic carcinoid tumor is characterized by a mass with [[heterogeneous]] attenuation.


==CT==
==CT==
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===Peripheral Pulmonary Carcinoid Tumor High-Resolution CT Chest===
===Peripheral Pulmonary Carcinoid Tumor High-Resolution CT Chest===
Findings on high-resolution CT scan suggestive of peripheral pulmonary carcinoid tumor include:<ref name=pulmonaryCT>Peripheral pulmonary carcinoid tumour. Dr Henry Knipe and Dr Yuranga Weerakkody et al. Radiopaedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/peripheral-pulmonary-carcinoid-tumour</ref>
Findings on high-resolution CT scan suggestive of peripheral pulmonary carcinoid tumor include:<ref name="pulmonaryCT">Peripheral pulmonary carcinoid tumour. Dr Henry Knipe and Dr Yuranga Weerakkody et al. Radiopaedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/peripheral-pulmonary-carcinoid-tumour</ref>
*Discovered as an incidental solitary and round [[pulmonary nodule]]
*Discovered as an incidental solitary and round [[pulmonary nodule]]
*Size at diagnosis can vary but ranges between 10-30 mm  
*Size at diagnosis can vary but ranges between 10-30 mm  
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===Thymic Carcinoid===
===Thymic Carcinoid===
Findings on neck CT scan suggestive of thymic carcinoid tumor include:<ref name=thymicCT>Thymic carcinoid tumour. Dr Yuranga Weerakkody and Dr Mohammad Taghi Niknejad et al. Radiopaedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/thymic-carcinoid-tumour</ref>
Findings on neck CT scan suggestive of thymic carcinoid tumor include:<ref name="thymicCT">Thymic carcinoid tumour. Dr Yuranga Weerakkody and Dr Mohammad Taghi Niknejad et al. Radiopaedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/thymic-carcinoid-tumour</ref>
*Mass with heterogeneous attenuation
*Mass with heterogeneous attenuation



Revision as of 15:22, 26 April 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Parminder Dhingra, M.D. [3]

Overview

Chest CT scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of carcinoid tumor. On high-resolution CT scan of the chest, peripheral pulmonary carcinoid tumor is characterized by a solitary and round pulmonary nodule with a lobulated margin, whereas bronchial carcinoid tumor is characterized by a single well-defined, round or ovoid, hilar or perihilar mass with marked homogenous enhancement. On CT scan of the neck, thymic carcinoid tumor is characterized by a mass with heterogeneous attenuation.

CT

Midgut Carcinoids

  • CT is poor in detecting primary carcinoid tumours but helpful in evaluating the extent of tumour spread before surgical exploration.[1]
  • Most common finding is liver metastase.
  • Mesenteric metastses and retroperitoneal adenopathy can also be detected.
  • Carcinoids that have infiltrated the mesentery have a characteristic CT appearance as a ill-defined mesenteric mass containing calcification in up to 70% of cases.[2]
  • Three-dimensional CT angiography detects mesenteric mass and its relationship to the vessels which is important for surgical planning.

Peripheral Pulmonary Carcinoid Tumor High-Resolution CT Chest

Findings on high-resolution CT scan suggestive of peripheral pulmonary carcinoid tumor include:[3]

  • Discovered as an incidental solitary and round pulmonary nodule
  • Size at diagnosis can vary but ranges between 10-30 mm
  • Lobulated margin

Bronchial Carcinoid Tumor High-Resolution CT Chest

Findings on high-resolution CT scan suggestive of bronchial carcinoid tumor include:[4][5]

  • Well-defined single hilar or perihilar mass
  • Round or ovoid in shape
  • Variable in size but typically ranges between 2-5 cm
  • Marked homogeneous contrast enhancement due to high vascularity
  • Calcification (usually eccentric) can occur

Thymic Carcinoid

Findings on neck CT scan suggestive of thymic carcinoid tumor include:[6]

  • Mass with heterogeneous attenuation

Gallery

References

  1. Sugimoto E, Lörelius LE, Eriksson B, Oberg K (July 1995). "Midgut carcinoid tumours. CT appearance". Acta Radiol. 36 (4): 367–71. PMID 7619613.
  2. Cockey BM, Fishman EK, Jones B, Siegelman SS (1985). "Computed tomography of abdominal carcinoid tumor". J Comput Assist Tomogr. 9 (1): 38–42. PMID 3968277.
  3. Peripheral pulmonary carcinoid tumour. Dr Henry Knipe and Dr Yuranga Weerakkody et al. Radiopaedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/peripheral-pulmonary-carcinoid-tumour
  4. Bronchial carcinoid tumour. Dr Henry Knipe and Dr Yuranga Weerakkody et al. Radiopaedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/bronchial-carcinoid-tumour
  5. Jeung MY, Gasser B, Gangi A, Charneau D, Ducroq X, Kessler R, Quoix E, Roy C (2002). "Bronchial carcinoid tumors of the thorax: spectrum of radiologic findings". Radiographics. 22 (2): 351–65. doi:10.1148/radiographics.22.2.g02mr01351. PMID 11896225.
  6. Thymic carcinoid tumour. Dr Yuranga Weerakkody and Dr Mohammad Taghi Niknejad et al. Radiopaedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/thymic-carcinoid-tumour
  7. 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Image courtesy of Dr Henry Knipe and Dr Yuranga Weerakkody et al. Radiopaedia (original file [1]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC

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