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Astrocytoma may be classified according to its [[histology]] into 4 grades: [[pilocytic astrocytoma]], [[diffuse astrocytoma]], anaplastic astrocytoma and [[glioblastoma multiforme]].
Astrocytoma may be classified according to its [[histology]] into 4 grades: [[pilocytic astrocytoma]], [[diffuse astrocytoma]], anaplastic astrocytoma and [[glioblastoma multiforme]].
==Classification==
==Classification==
Astrocytoma may be classified according to presence of [[atypia]], [[mitosis]], endothelial proliferation, and [[necrosis]] into four sybgroups.
Astrocytoma may be classified according to its histology into 4 grades:
 
 
 
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{{Family tree | | | | | | | | | | | | | | B01 | | B02 | | | | | | | | | | B03 | | B04 | | | | | B01=Pilocyic astrocytoma|B02=Diffuse astrocytoma|B03=Anaplastic astrocytoma|B04=Glioblastomas multiform
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{{Family tree | | | | | | | | | | | | C01 | | C02 | | C03 | | C04 | | | | | C05 | | | | C06 | | | | | | | | C01=Fibrillary astrocytoma|C02=Gemistocytic astrocytoma|C03=Protoplasmic astrocytoma|C04=Oligoastrocytoma|C05=Primary glioblastoma multiforme|C06=Secondary glioblastoma multiforme}}
{{Family tree | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | }}
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* '''Grade 1''' — [[pilocytic astrocytoma]]  
* '''Grade 1''' — [[pilocytic astrocytoma]]  
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* '''Grade 3''' — anaplastic astrocytoma
* '''Grade 3''' — anaplastic astrocytoma
* '''Grade 4''' — [[glioblastoma multiforme]]  
* '''Grade 4''' — [[glioblastoma multiforme]]  
* The WHO-grading scheme is based on the appearance of certain characteristics: [[atypia]], [[mitosis]], endothelial proliferation, and [[necrosis]]. These features reflect the [[malignant]] potential of the [[tumor]] in terms of invasion and growth rate. [[Tumors]] without any of these features are grade I, and those with one of these features (usually atypia) are grade II. [[Tumors]] with 2 criteria and [[tumor]]s with 3 or 4 criteria are WHO grades III and IV, respectively. Thus, the low-grade group of astrocytomas are grades I and II. According to the WHO data the lowest grade astrocytomas (grade I) make up only 2% of recorded astrocytomas, grade II 8%, and the higher grade anaplastic astrocytomas (grade III) 20%. The highest graded astrocytoma (grade IV GBM) is the most common primary [[nervous system neoplasm|nervous system cancer]] and second most frequent [[brain tumor]] after [[brain]] [[metastasis]].  Despite the low incidence of astrocytomas compared to other human [[cancer]]s, mortality is significant, as the higher grades (III & IV) present high mortality rates (mainly due to late detection of the [[neoplasm]]).


==See Also==
==See Also==

Revision as of 20:48, 27 December 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ammu Susheela, M.D. [2]

Overview

Astrocytoma may be classified according to its histology into 4 grades: pilocytic astrocytoma, diffuse astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme.

Classification

Astrocytoma may be classified according to its histology into 4 grades:


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Astrocytoma
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pilocyic astrocytoma
 
Diffuse astrocytoma
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Anaplastic astrocytoma
 
Glioblastomas multiform
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fibrillary astrocytoma
 
Gemistocytic astrocytoma
 
Protoplasmic astrocytoma
 
Oligoastrocytoma
 
 
 
 
Primary glioblastoma multiforme
 
 
 
Secondary glioblastoma multiforme
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 



See Also

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