Aplastic anemia physical examination: Difference between revisions

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=== Vital Signs ===
=== Vital Signs ===
* Fver
* Fever
* [[Tachycardia]] with regular pulse  
* [[Tachycardia]] with regular pulse  
* Tachypnea / bradypnea
* [[Bradypnea]]


=== Skin ===
=== Skin ===
* Pechiae
* [[Petechia|Petechiae]]
* Purpura
* [[Purpura]]
* Ecchymoses
* [[Ecchymoses]]


* [[Jaundice]]
* [[Jaundice]]
Line 28: Line 28:
* [[Microphthalmia|Microphthalmos]]
* [[Microphthalmia|Microphthalmos]]
* [[Leukoplakia|Oral leukoplakia]]
* [[Leukoplakia|Oral leukoplakia]]
* Pharyngeal ulcers.
* [[Gingivitis|Necrotizing gingivitis]]
* [[Tonsillitis]]


=== Neck ===
=== Neck ===
* Neck examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
* Neck examination of patients with aplastic anemia is usually normal.
OR
=== Lungs ===
* [[Jugular venous distension]]
* Pulmonary examination of patients with aplastic anemia is usually normal unless patients develop pneumonia.
* [[Carotid bruits]] may be auscultated unilaterally/bilaterally using the bell/diaphragm of the otoscope
* [[Lymphadenopathy]] (describe location, size, tenderness, mobility, and symmetry)
* [[Thyromegaly]] / thyroid nodules
* [[Hepatojugular reflux]]


=== Lungs ===
* Asymmetric chest expansion  
* Pulmonary examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
* Lungs are hyperresonant
OR
* Coarse [[crackles]] upon auscultation
* Asymmetric chest expansion OR decreased chest expansion
* [[Rhonchi]]
* Lungs are hyporesonant OR hyperresonant
* Decreased breath sounds
* Fine/coarse [[crackles]] upon auscultation of the lung bases/apices unilaterally/bilaterally
* Tachypnea
* Rhonchi
*  
* Vesicular breath sounds OR distant breath sounds
* Reduced [[tactile fremitus]]
* Expiratory wheezing OR inspiratory wheezing with normal OR delayed expiratory phase
* [[Wheezing]] may be present
* [[Egophony]] present/absent
* [[Bronchophony]] present/absent
* Normal/reduced [[tactile fremitus]]


=== Heart ===
=== Heart ===

Revision as of 15:23, 21 August 2018

Aplastic anemia Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Physical Examination

Appearance of the Patient

  • Patients with aplastic anemia usually appear pale.

Vital Signs

Skin

HEENT

Neck

  • Neck examination of patients with aplastic anemia is usually normal.

Lungs

  • Pulmonary examination of patients with aplastic anemia is usually normal unless patients develop pneumonia.

Heart

  • Cardiovascular examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.

OR

  • Chest tenderness upon palpation
  • PMI within 2 cm of the sternum (PMI) / Displaced point of maximal impulse (PMI) suggestive of ____
  • Heave / thrill
  • Friction rub
  • S1
  • S2
  • S3
  • S4
  • Gallops
  • A high/low grade early/late systolic murmur / diastolic murmur best heard at the base/apex/(specific valve region) may be heard using the bell/diaphgram of the stethoscope

Abdomen

  • Abdominal examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.

OR

Back

  • Back examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.

OR

  • Point tenderness over __ vertebrae (e.g. L3-L4)
  • Sacral edema
  • Costovertebral angle tenderness bilaterally/unilaterally
  • Buffalo hump

Genitourinary

  • Genitourinary examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.

OR

  • A pelvic/adnexal mass may be palpated
  • Inflamed mucosa
  • Clear/(color), foul-smelling/odorless penile/vaginal discharge

Neuromuscular

  • Neuromuscular examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.

OR

  • Patient is usually oriented to persons, place, and time
  • Altered mental status
  • Glasgow coma scale is ___ / 15
  • Clonus may be present
  • Hyperreflexia / hyporeflexia / areflexia
  • Positive (abnormal) Babinski / plantar reflex unilaterally/bilaterally
  • Muscle rigidity
  • Proximal/distal muscle weakness unilaterally/bilaterally
  • ____ (finding) suggestive of cranial nerve ___ (roman numerical) deficit (e.g. Dilated pupils suggestive of CN III deficit)
  • Unilateral/bilateral upper/lower extremity weakness
  • Unilateral/bilateral sensory loss in the upper/lower extremity
  • Positive straight leg raise test
  • Abnormal gait (describe gait: e.g. ataxic (cerebellar) gait / steppage gait / waddling gait / choeiform gait / Parkinsonian gait / sensory gait)
  • Positive/negative Trendelenburg sign
  • Unilateral/bilateral tremor (describe tremor, e.g. at rest, pill-rolling)
  • Normal finger-to-nose test / Dysmetria
  • Absent/present dysdiadochokinesia (palm tapping test)

References