Acute respiratory distress syndrome risk factors: Difference between revisions

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__NOTOC__
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{{Acute respiratory distress syndrome}}
{{Acute respiratory distress syndrome}}
{{CMG}}, {{AE}} {{BShaller}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{BShaller}}


==Overview==
==Overview==
The most potent risk factor in the development of ARDS is [[chronic alcoholism]]. Other risk factors include [[elderly|advanced age]], [[smoking|cigarette smoke exposure]], and [[chronic liver disease]].
Common risk factors for the development of ARDS include [[advanced age]], [[chronic alcoholism]], and [[acidosis]].


==Risk Factors==
==Risk Factors==
The presence of multiple predisposing factors substantially increases the risk for developing ARDS.<ref>Pepe, P. E., R. T. Potkin, D. H. Reus, L. D. Hudson, and C. J. Carrico. “Clinical Predictors of the Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome.” American Journal of Surgery 144, no. 1 (July 1982): 124–30.</ref> The most potent risk factor in the development of ARDS is [[chronic alcoholism]].<ref name="pmid8531287">{{cite journal| author=Moss M, Bucher B, Moore FA, Moore EE, Parsons PE| title=The role of chronic alcohol abuse in the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome in adults. | journal=JAMA | year= 1996 | volume= 275 | issue= 1 | pages= 50-4 | pmid=8531287 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8531287  }} </ref><ref name="pmid12682442">{{cite journal| author=Moss M, Burnham EL| title=Chronic alcohol abuse, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multiple organ dysfunction. | journal=Crit Care Med | year= 2003 | volume= 31 | issue= 4 Suppl | pages= S207-12 | pmid=12682442 | doi=10.1097/01.CCM.0000057845.77458.25 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12682442  }} </ref> Other risk factors include:<ref name="pmid11008971">{{cite journal| author=Mangialardi RJ, Martin GS, Bernard GR, Wheeler AP, Christman BW, Dupont WD et al.| title=Hypoproteinemia predicts acute respiratory distress syndrome development, weight gain, and death in patients with sepsis. Ibuprofen in Sepsis Study Group. | journal=Crit Care Med | year= 2000 | volume= 28 | issue= 9 | pages= 3137-45 | pmid=11008971 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11008971  }} </ref><ref>Hudson, L. D., J. A. Milberg, D. Anardi, and R. J. Maunder. “Clinical Risks for Development of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.” American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 151, no. 2 Pt 1 (February 1995): 293–301. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.151.2.7842182.</ref>
Common risk factors for ARDS include:<ref name="pmid8531287">{{cite journal| author=Moss M, Bucher B, Moore FA, Moore EE, Parsons PE| title=The role of chronic alcohol abuse in the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome in adults. | journal=JAMA | year= 1996 | volume= 275 | issue= 1 | pages= 50-4 | pmid=8531287 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8531287  }} </ref><ref name="pmid11008971">{{cite journal| author=Mangialardi RJ, Martin GS, Bernard GR, Wheeler AP, Christman BW, Dupont WD et al.| title=Hypoproteinemia predicts acute respiratory distress syndrome development, weight gain, and death in patients with sepsis. Ibuprofen in Sepsis Study Group. | journal=Crit Care Med | year= 2000 | volume= 28 | issue= 9 | pages= 3137-45 | pmid=11008971 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11008971  }} </ref><ref>Hudson, L. D., J. A. Milberg, D. Anardi, and R. J. Maunder. “Clinical Risks for Development of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.” American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 151, no. 2 Pt 1 (February 1995): 293–301. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.151.2.7842182.</ref><ref>Ware, Lorraine B., and Michael A. Matthay. “The Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.” New England Journal of Medicine 342, no. 18 (May 4, 2000): 1334–49. doi:10.1056/NEJM200005043421806.</ref>
* [[Advanced age]]
* [[Advanced age]]
* [[Chronic alcoholism]] (including [[alcoholic liver disease]] and [[hepatic cirrhosis]])
* [[Chronic alcoholism]] (including [[alcoholic liver disease]] and [[hepatic cirrhosis]])
* History of prior lung disease (including [[chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]], [[interstitial lung disease]], and [[Pulmonary heart disease|pulmonary vascular disease]])
* [[Acidemia]] with [[pH]] < 7.25
* Unexplained [[hypotension]] ([[systolic blood pressure]] < 90 mm Hg for > 2 hours)
* [[Metabolic acidosis]] with [[bicarbonate]] < 20 mEq/L
* Low [[systemic vascular resistance]] (< 800 dynes/s/cm<sup>5</sup>)
* High [[anion gap]]
* [[Metabolic acidosis]] with [[anion gap]] > 20 mEq/L or [[base deficit]] > 5 mEq/L
* [[Hypoproteinemia]]
* [[Hypoproteinemia]]
* Increased severity of critical illness (among sepsis patients as measured by APACHE II score)
* Increased severity of critical illness (as measured by APACHE II score or Injury Severity Score)
* Increased severity of injury (among trauma patients as measured by Injury Severity Score <nowiki>[</nowiki>ISS<nowiki>]</nowiki>)


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Pulmonology]]
[[Category:Pulmonology]]
[[Category:FinalQCRequired]]
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Latest revision as of 18:04, 17 July 2016

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Brian Shaller, M.D. [2]

Overview

Common risk factors for the development of ARDS include advanced age, chronic alcoholism, and acidosis.

Risk Factors

Common risk factors for ARDS include:[1][2][3][4]

References

  1. Moss M, Bucher B, Moore FA, Moore EE, Parsons PE (1996). "The role of chronic alcohol abuse in the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome in adults". JAMA. 275 (1): 50–4. PMID 8531287.
  2. Mangialardi RJ, Martin GS, Bernard GR, Wheeler AP, Christman BW, Dupont WD; et al. (2000). "Hypoproteinemia predicts acute respiratory distress syndrome development, weight gain, and death in patients with sepsis. Ibuprofen in Sepsis Study Group". Crit Care Med. 28 (9): 3137–45. PMID 11008971.
  3. Hudson, L. D., J. A. Milberg, D. Anardi, and R. J. Maunder. “Clinical Risks for Development of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.” American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 151, no. 2 Pt 1 (February 1995): 293–301. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.151.2.7842182.
  4. Ware, Lorraine B., and Michael A. Matthay. “The Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.” New England Journal of Medicine 342, no. 18 (May 4, 2000): 1334–49. doi:10.1056/NEJM200005043421806.