Beta-thalassemia natural history, complications and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maryam Hadipour, M.D.[2]
Overview
Without regular blood transfusions, affected individuals by major beta-thalassemia typically develop severe anemia and related complications early in life, while beta-thalassemia intermedia patients would have a variable clinical course, complications, and prognosis. Beta-thalassemia minor subjects would not have significant symptoms, while in some cases might have an increased risk for iron deficiency anemia. Iron overload complications happen in transfusion-dependent thalassemia.
Natural history
Untreated beta-thalassemia can also result in significant morbidity, mortality, and diminished quality of life. Patients with non-transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia (NTD) can develop a wide range of complications in critical organ systems due to ineffective erythropoiesis, hemolysis, and primary iron overload