Beta-thalassemia epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maryam Hadipour, M.D.[2]
Overview
The prevalence of beta-thalassemia carrier is 1.5% of the world population which is mainly in regions with a historical association with malaria, including the Mediterranean, Middle East, Central Asia, Indian subcontinent, and parts of Southeast Asia and Africa. The incidence of beta-thalassemia is 42,000 per year. It affects both males and females in a similar demographic manner.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Prevalence
There are insufficient data about the exact prevalence of beta-thalassemia.
- The prevalence of beta-thalassemia carrier is 1.5% of the world population.[1]
- More than 90% of the cases live in a geographic "belt" extending from the Mediterranean basin and parts of Africa, throughout the Middle East, the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia, and Melanesia into the Pacific Islands (regions with a historical association with malaria).[2][3]
- There are increases in the number of cases through North America and Europe, which reflects the increased rates of migrations, refugees and adaptation of children.[4]
- Gender distribution: It affects both males and females in a similar demographic manner. Lahiry P, Al-Attar SA, Hegele RA. Understanding beta-thalassemia with a focus on the Indian subcontinent and the Middle East. The open hematology journal. 2008 Jan 22;2(1).
Incident
- The incidence of beta-thalassemia is 42,000 per year.[5]
- Recent studies suggest that around 23000 infants with beta-thalassemia major are born every year and up to 90% of these infants are in low- or middle-income countries.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 De Sanctis V, Kattamis C, Canatan D, Soliman AT, Elsedfy H, Karimi M; et al. (2017). "β-Thalassemia Distribution in the Old World: an Ancient Disease Seen from a Historical Standpoint". Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis. 9 (1): e2017018. doi:10.4084/MJHID.2017.018. PMC 5333734. PMID 28293406.
- ↑ Ladis V, Karagiorga-Lagana M, Tsatra I, Chouliaras G (April 2013). "Thirty-year experience in preventing haemoglobinopathies in Greece: achievements and potentials for optimisation". Eur J Haematol. 90 (4): 313–22. doi:10.1111/ejh.12076. PMID 23331260.
- ↑ Kountouris P, Lederer CW, Fanis P, Feleki X, Old J, Kleanthous M (2014). "IthaGenes: an interactive database for haemoglobin variations and epidemiology". PLoS One. 9 (7): e103020. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103020. PMC 4109966. PMID 25058394.
- ↑ Barry RM, Chretien C, Kirby M, Gallant G, Leppington S, Robitaille N, Corriveau-Bourque C, Stoffman J, Wu J, Leaker M, Klaassen RJ (March 2020). "Syrian Refugees and Their Impact on Health Service Delivery in the Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Clinics Across Canada". J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 42 (2): e107–e109. doi:10.1097/MPH.0000000000001524. PMID 31233463.
- ↑ Liaska A, Petrou P, Georgakopoulos CD, Diamanti R, Papaconstantinou D, Kanakis MG; et al. (2016). "β-Thalassemia and ocular implications: a systematic review". BMC Ophthalmol. 16: 102. doi:10.1186/s12886-016-0285-2. PMC 4938965. PMID 27390837.