Waldenström's macroglobulinemia history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Many patients with Waldenström macroglobulinemia are asymptomatic. The disease is subtle and nonspecific. The most common symptoms of Waldenström macroglobulinemia include weakness, anorexia, blurry vision,peripheral neuropathy, and weight loss. Less common symptoms of the disease include bleeding and Raynaud phenomenon. | Many patients with Waldenström macroglobulinemia are [[asymptomatic]]. The disease is subtle and symptoms are nonspecific. The most common symptoms of Waldenström macroglobulinemia include [[weakness]], [[anorexia]], [[Blurred vision|blurry vision]], [[peripheral neuropathy]], and [[weight loss]]. Less common symptoms of the disease include [[bleeding]] and [[Raynaud's phenomenon|Raynaud phenomenon]]. | ||
==History and Symptoms== | ==History and Symptoms== | ||
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=== History === | === History === | ||
* The onset of Waldenström macroglobulinemia is insidious and nonspecific. | * The onset of Waldenström macroglobulinemia is insidious and nonspecific. | ||
* Approximately 25% of patients with WM are asymptomatic upon presenation; their diagnosis is often made incidentally from routine blood tests.<ref name="pmid11736938">{{cite journal| author=García-Sanz R, Montoto S, Torrequebrada A, de Coca AG, Petit J, Sureda A et al.| title=Waldenström macroglobulinaemia: presenting features and outcome in a series with 217 cases. | journal=Br J Haematol | year= 2001 | volume= 115 | issue= 3 | pages= 575-82 | pmid=11736938 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11736938 }} </ref> | * Approximately 25% of patients with WM are asymptomatic upon presenation; their diagnosis is often made [[Incidental finding|incidentally]] from routine blood tests.<ref name="pmid11736938">{{cite journal| author=García-Sanz R, Montoto S, Torrequebrada A, de Coca AG, Petit J, Sureda A et al.| title=Waldenström macroglobulinaemia: presenting features and outcome in a series with 217 cases. | journal=Br J Haematol | year= 2001 | volume= 115 | issue= 3 | pages= 575-82 | pmid=11736938 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11736938 }} </ref> | ||
* Symptoms develop depending on the tissues involved in the malignant cell infiltration or IgM deposition.<ref name="pmid10623712">{{cite journal| author=Dimopoulos MA, Panayiotidis P, Moulopoulos LA, Sfikakis P, Dalakas M| title=Waldenström's macroglobulinemia: clinical features, complications, and management. | journal=J Clin Oncol | year= 2000 | volume= 18 | issue= 1 | pages= 214-26 | pmid=10623712 | doi=10.1200/JCO.2000.18.1.214 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10623712 }} </ref> | * Symptoms develop depending on the tissues involved in the malignant cell infiltration or [[IgM]] deposition.<ref name="pmid10623712">{{cite journal| author=Dimopoulos MA, Panayiotidis P, Moulopoulos LA, Sfikakis P, Dalakas M| title=Waldenström's macroglobulinemia: clinical features, complications, and management. | journal=J Clin Oncol | year= 2000 | volume= 18 | issue= 1 | pages= 214-26 | pmid=10623712 | doi=10.1200/JCO.2000.18.1.214 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10623712 }} </ref> | ||
=== Common Symptoms === | === Common Symptoms === | ||
Common symptoms of Waldenström macroglobulinemia include:<ref name="pmid11736938">{{cite journal| author=García-Sanz R, Montoto S, Torrequebrada A, de Coca AG, Petit J, Sureda A et al.| title=Waldenström macroglobulinaemia: presenting features and outcome in a series with 217 cases. | journal=Br J Haematol | year= 2001 | volume= 115 | issue= 3 | pages= 575-82 | pmid=11736938 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11736938 }} </ref><ref name="pmid12720138">{{cite journal| author=Merlini G, Baldini L, Broglia C, Comelli M, Goldaniga M, Palladini G et al.| title=Prognostic factors in symptomatic Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. | journal=Semin Oncol | year= 2003 | volume= 30 | issue= 2 | pages= 211-5 | pmid=12720138 | doi=10.1053/sonc.2003.50064 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12720138 }} </ref> | Common symptoms of Waldenström macroglobulinemia include:<ref name="pmid11736938">{{cite journal| author=García-Sanz R, Montoto S, Torrequebrada A, de Coca AG, Petit J, Sureda A et al.| title=Waldenström macroglobulinaemia: presenting features and outcome in a series with 217 cases. | journal=Br J Haematol | year= 2001 | volume= 115 | issue= 3 | pages= 575-82 | pmid=11736938 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11736938 }} </ref><ref name="pmid12720138">{{cite journal| author=Merlini G, Baldini L, Broglia C, Comelli M, Goldaniga M, Palladini G et al.| title=Prognostic factors in symptomatic Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. | journal=Semin Oncol | year= 2003 | volume= 30 | issue= 2 | pages= 211-5 | pmid=12720138 | doi=10.1053/sonc.2003.50064 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12720138 }} </ref> | ||
* Constitutional B symptoms | * [[B symptoms|Constitutional B symptoms]] | ||
** Weakness | ** [[Weakness]] | ||
** Anorexia | ** [[Anorexia]] | ||
** Weight loss | ** [[Weight loss]] | ||
** Fever | ** [[Fever]] | ||
* Peripheral neuropathy | * [[Peripheral neuropathy]] | ||
* Blurry vision | * [[Blurred vision|Blurry vision]] | ||
=== Less Common Symptoms === | === Less Common Symptoms === | ||
Less common symptoms of Waldenström macroglobulinemia include:<ref name="pmid11736938">{{cite journal| author=García-Sanz R, Montoto S, Torrequebrada A, de Coca AG, Petit J, Sureda A et al.| title=Waldenström macroglobulinaemia: presenting features and outcome in a series with 217 cases. | journal=Br J Haematol | year= 2001 | volume= 115 | issue= 3 | pages= 575-82 | pmid=11736938 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11736938 }} </ref><ref name="pmid12720138">{{cite journal| author=Merlini G, Baldini L, Broglia C, Comelli M, Goldaniga M, Palladini G et al.| title=Prognostic factors in symptomatic Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. | journal=Semin Oncol | year= 2003 | volume= 30 | issue= 2 | pages= 211-5 | pmid=12720138 | doi=10.1053/sonc.2003.50064 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12720138 }} </ref> | Less common symptoms of Waldenström macroglobulinemia include:<ref name="pmid11736938">{{cite journal| author=García-Sanz R, Montoto S, Torrequebrada A, de Coca AG, Petit J, Sureda A et al.| title=Waldenström macroglobulinaemia: presenting features and outcome in a series with 217 cases. | journal=Br J Haematol | year= 2001 | volume= 115 | issue= 3 | pages= 575-82 | pmid=11736938 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11736938 }} </ref><ref name="pmid12720138">{{cite journal| author=Merlini G, Baldini L, Broglia C, Comelli M, Goldaniga M, Palladini G et al.| title=Prognostic factors in symptomatic Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. | journal=Semin Oncol | year= 2003 | volume= 30 | issue= 2 | pages= 211-5 | pmid=12720138 | doi=10.1053/sonc.2003.50064 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12720138 }} </ref> | ||
* Raynaud phenomenon | * [[Raynaud's phenomenon|Raynaud phenomenon]] | ||
** Due to cryoglobulinemia | ** Due to [[cryoglobulinemia]] | ||
* Bleeding | * [[Bleeding]] | ||
* Mental status changes | * [[Mental status may be altered|Mental status changes]] | ||
** Due to infiltration of central nervous system | ** Due to infiltration of [[central nervous system]] | ||
** Causes Bing-Neel syndrome which includes confusion, memory loss, and motor abnormalities | ** Causes [[Bing–Neel syndrome|Bing-Neel syndrome]] which includes [[confusion]], [[memory loss]], and [[Motor disorders|motor abnormalities]] | ||
* Diarrhea/steatorrhea | * [[Diarrhea]]/[[steatorrhea]] | ||
** Due to deposition of IgM protein in the lamina propria of the intestinal wall | ** Due to deposition of IgM protein in the [[lamina propria]] of the [[intestinal wall]] | ||
=== Symptoms Secondary to Hyperviscosity === | === Symptoms Secondary to Hyperviscosity === | ||
Hyperviscosity syndrome occurs due to the accumulation of monoclonal IgM proteins in the blood. | [[Hyperviscosity syndrome]] occurs due to the accumulation of monoclonal IgM proteins in the blood. | ||
Clinical manifestations of hyperviscosity syndrome occur only if serum viscosity is >4 centipoises and include:<ref name="pmid11736938">{{cite journal| author=García-Sanz R, Montoto S, Torrequebrada A, de Coca AG, Petit J, Sureda A et al.| title=Waldenström macroglobulinaemia: presenting features and outcome in a series with 217 cases. | journal=Br J Haematol | year= 2001 | volume= 115 | issue= 3 | pages= 575-82 | pmid=11736938 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11736938 }} </ref> | Clinical manifestations of hyperviscosity syndrome occur only if serum [[viscosity]] is >4 centipoises and include:<ref name="pmid11736938">{{cite journal| author=García-Sanz R, Montoto S, Torrequebrada A, de Coca AG, Petit J, Sureda A et al.| title=Waldenström macroglobulinaemia: presenting features and outcome in a series with 217 cases. | journal=Br J Haematol | year= 2001 | volume= 115 | issue= 3 | pages= 575-82 | pmid=11736938 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11736938 }} </ref> | ||
* Retinal [[hemorrhage]] with blurring of vision | * Retinal [[hemorrhage]] with [[Blurred vision|blurring of vision]] | ||
*[[Vertigo]] | *[[Vertigo]] | ||
*[[Dizziness]] | *[[Dizziness]] | ||
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*[[Tinnitus]] | *[[Tinnitus]] | ||
*[[Ataxia]] | *[[Ataxia]] | ||
* Bleeding | * [[Bleeding]] | ||
* | * | ||
Revision as of 15:03, 31 October 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Roukoz A. Karam, M.D.[2]
Overview
Many patients with Waldenström macroglobulinemia are asymptomatic. The disease is subtle and symptoms are nonspecific. The most common symptoms of Waldenström macroglobulinemia include weakness, anorexia, blurry vision, peripheral neuropathy, and weight loss. Less common symptoms of the disease include bleeding and Raynaud phenomenon.
History and Symptoms
History
- The onset of Waldenström macroglobulinemia is insidious and nonspecific.
- Approximately 25% of patients with WM are asymptomatic upon presenation; their diagnosis is often made incidentally from routine blood tests.[1]
- Symptoms develop depending on the tissues involved in the malignant cell infiltration or IgM deposition.[2]
Common Symptoms
Common symptoms of Waldenström macroglobulinemia include:[1][3]
Less Common Symptoms
Less common symptoms of Waldenström macroglobulinemia include:[1][3]
- Raynaud phenomenon
- Due to cryoglobulinemia
- Bleeding
- Mental status changes
- Due to infiltration of central nervous system
- Causes Bing-Neel syndrome which includes confusion, memory loss, and motor abnormalities
- Diarrhea/steatorrhea
- Due to deposition of IgM protein in the lamina propria of the intestinal wall
Symptoms Secondary to Hyperviscosity
Hyperviscosity syndrome occurs due to the accumulation of monoclonal IgM proteins in the blood.
Clinical manifestations of hyperviscosity syndrome occur only if serum viscosity is >4 centipoises and include:[1]
- Retinal hemorrhage with blurring of vision
- Vertigo
- Dizziness
- Headache
- Nystagmus
- Tinnitus
- Ataxia
- Bleeding
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 García-Sanz R, Montoto S, Torrequebrada A, de Coca AG, Petit J, Sureda A; et al. (2001). "Waldenström macroglobulinaemia: presenting features and outcome in a series with 217 cases". Br J Haematol. 115 (3): 575–82. PMID 11736938.
- ↑ Dimopoulos MA, Panayiotidis P, Moulopoulos LA, Sfikakis P, Dalakas M (2000). "Waldenström's macroglobulinemia: clinical features, complications, and management". J Clin Oncol. 18 (1): 214–26. doi:10.1200/JCO.2000.18.1.214. PMID 10623712.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Merlini G, Baldini L, Broglia C, Comelli M, Goldaniga M, Palladini G; et al. (2003). "Prognostic factors in symptomatic Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia". Semin Oncol. 30 (2): 211–5. doi:10.1053/sonc.2003.50064. PMID 12720138.