Waldenström's macroglobulinemia epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Mohsin, M.D.[2], Mirdula Sharma, MBBS [3], Roukoz A. Karam, M.D.[4]; Grammar Reviewer: Natalie Harpenau, B.S.[5]
Overview
The prevalence of Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia is estimated to be 1000-1500 cases in United States annually. Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia represents 1-2% of all hematological cancers. Overall age-adjusted incidence of Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia is 0.38 cases per 100,000 persons annually, increasing with age to 2.85 in patients above 80 years. Incidence of Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia increases after 50 years of age with median age at diagnosis to be 65 years. Men are twice more likely than women to develop WM and there is higher incidence of WM in whites than blacks.
Epidemiology and Demographics
- Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia is one of the rare subtypes of NHL accounting just 1-2% of it
Prevalence
- The prevalence of Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia is estimated to be 1000-1,500 cases in United States annually[1][2]
Incidence
- WM accounts for approximately 1% to 2% of hematologic cancers in United States and Western Europe[3][2]
- Worldwide, the overall age-adjusted incidence of Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia is 0.38 cases per 100,000 persons annually, increasing with age to 2.85 in patients above 80 years (or 5 cases per 1 million persons per year)[4]
- Incidence of WM is approximately 8.3 cases per million persons per year[5]
- WM incidence is approximately 10-fold lower in Asia[6]
- Majority of WM patients are Caucasians, with other ethnic groups accounting for only 5 percent of cases[2]
- The age-adjusted incidence rate for males is 0.92 per 100,000 person-years[7]
- The age-adjusted incidence rate for females is 0.30 per 100,000 person-years[7]
- Combined age and sex-adjusted incidence is 0.57 per 100,000 person-years[7]
Age
- The incidence of Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia increases after 50 years of age[8]
Gender
- Men are twice more likely than women to develop WM (5.4 vs. 2.7 per million, respectively) [1][9][10][3]
Race
- Higher incidence in whites (4.1 per million per year) comparative to blacks (1.8 per million per year) and in past 20 years, incidence in whites has elevated[1][9][5][3]
Epidemiology and demographics of Smoldering Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia
According to a recent study done in 2017, the following data was found out regarding epidemiology and demographics of smoldering Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia:[11]
| Risk factors | Proportion of Smoldering Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia |
|---|---|
| Sex | |
| Race | |
| Age in years |
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References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Wang H, Chen Y, Li F, Delasalle K, Wang J, Alexanian R; et al. (2012). "Temporal and geographic variations of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia incidence: a large population-based study". Cancer. 118 (15): 3793–800. doi:10.1002/cncr.26627. PMID 22139816.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Groves FD, Travis LB, Devesa SS, Ries LA, Fraumeni JF (1998). "Waldenström's macroglobulinemia: incidence patterns in the United States, 1988-1994". Cancer. 82 (6): 1078–81. PMID 9506352.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Herrinton LJ, Weiss NS (1993). "Incidence of Waldenström's macroglobulinemia". Blood. 82 (10): 3148–50. PMID 8219203.
- ↑ Monge J, Braggio E, Ansell SM (2013). "Genetic factors and pathogenesis of Waldenström's macroglobulinemia". Curr Oncol Rep. 15 (5): 450–6. doi:10.1007/s11912-013-0331-7. PMC 3807757. PMID 23901022.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Morton LM, Wang SS, Devesa SS, Hartge P, Weisenburger DD, Linet MS (2006). "Lymphoma incidence patterns by WHO subtype in the United States, 1992-2001". Blood. 107 (1): 265–76. doi:10.1182/blood-2005-06-2508. PMC 1895348. PMID 16150940.
- ↑ Iwanaga M, Chiang CJ, Soda M, Lai MS, Yang YW, Miyazaki Y; et al. (2014). "Incidence of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia in Japan and Taiwan population-based cancer registries, 1996-2003". Int J Cancer. 134 (1): 174–80. doi:10.1002/ijc.28343. PMID 23784625.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Kyle, Robert A.; Larson, Dirk R.; McPhail, Ellen D.; Therneau, Terry M.; Dispenzieri, Angela; Kumar, Shaji; Kapoor, Prashant; Cerhan, James R.; Rajkumar, S. Vincent (2018). "Fifty-Year Incidence of Waldenström Macroglobulinemia in Olmsted County, Minnesota, From 1961 Through 2010: A Population-Based Study With Complete Case Capture and Hematopathologic Review". Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 93 (6): 739–746. doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2018.02.011. ISSN 0025-6196.
- ↑ Waldenström's macroglobulinemia. American Cancer Society (2015)http://www.cancer.org/cancer/waldenstrommacroglobulinemia/detailedguide/waldenstrom-macroglobulinemia-risk-factors Accessed on November 6, 2015
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Yun S, Johnson AC, Okolo ON, Arnold SJ, McBride A, Zhang L; et al. (2017). "Waldenström Macroglobulinemia: Review of Pathogenesis and Management". Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 17 (5): 252–262. doi:10.1016/j.clml.2017.02.028. PMC 5413391. PMID 28366781.
- ↑ Giordano TP, Henderson L, Landgren O, Chiao EY, Kramer JR, El-Serag H; et al. (2007). "Risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and lymphoproliferative precursor diseases in US veterans with hepatitis C virus". JAMA. 297 (18): 2010–7. doi:10.1001/jama.297.18.2010. PMID 17488966.
- ↑ Pophali, Priyanka Avinash; Bartley, Adam C.; Kapoor, Prashant; Gonsalves, Wilson I.; Ashrani, Aneel A.; Marshall, Ariela L.; Siddiqui, Mustaqeem Ahmad; Go, Ronald S. (2017). "Smoldering Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (SWM): Analysis from the National Cancer Database (NCDB)". Journal of Clinical Oncology. 35 (15_suppl): 1573–1573. doi:10.1200/JCO.2017.35.15_suppl.1573. ISSN 0732-183X.