Glioma risk factors: Difference between revisions

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__NOTOC__
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{{Glioma}}  
{{Glioma}}  
 
{{CMG}}{{AE}}{{SR}}
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==Overview==
==Overview==
The risk factors of glioma include occupational factors, environnemental factors, genetic factors, and [[cytomegalovirus]].
Common risk factors in the development of glioma may be occupational, environmental, genetic, and viral.<ref name=ddd>{{Cite journal|title = Animal viruses, bacteria, and cancer: a brief commentary|url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24592380|journal = Frontiers in Public Health|date = 2014|issn = 2296-2565|pmc = 3923154|pmid = 24592380|pages = 14|volume = 2|doi = 10.3389/fpubh.2014.00014|first = Jimmy T.|last = Efird|first2 = Stephen W.|last2 = Davies|first3 = Wesley T.|last3 = O'Neal|first4 = Ethan J.|last4 = Anderson}}</ref><ref name=bbb>{{Cite journal|title = Exposure to farm crops, livestock, and farm tasks and risk of glioma: the Upper Midwest Health Study|url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19403843/|journal = American Journal of Epidemiology|date = Jun 15, 2009|issn = 1476-6256|pmid = 19403843|pages = 1479-1491|volume = 169|issue = 12|doi = 10.1093/aje/kwp075|first = Avima M.|last = Ruder|first2 = Tania|last2 = Carreón|first3 = Mary Ann|last3 = Butler|first4 = Geoffrey M.|last4 = Calvert|first5 = Karen E.|last5 = Davis-King|first6 = Martha A.|last6 = Waters|first7 = Paul A.|last7 = Schulte|first8 = Jack S.|last8 = Mandel|first9 = Roscoe F.|last9 = Morton}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|title = The epidemiology of glioma in adults: a "state of the science" review|url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24842956|journal = Neuro-Oncology|date = Jul 2014|issn = 1523-5866|pmc = 4057143|pmid = 24842956|pages = 896-913|volume = 16|issue = 7|doi = 10.1093/neuonc/nou087|first = Quinn T.|last = Ostrom|first2 = Luc|last2 = Bauchet|first3 = Faith G.|last3 = Davis|first4 = Isabelle|last4 = Deltour|first5 = James L.|last5 = Fisher|first6 = Chelsea Eastman|last6 = Langer|first7 = Melike|last7 = Pekmezci|first8 = Judith A.|last8 = Schwartzbaum|first9 = Michelle C.|last9 = Turner}}</ref><ref name=aaa>{{cite journal|last=Reuss|first=D|author2=von Deimling, A|title=Hereditary tumor syndromes and gliomas.|journal=Recent results in cancer research. Fortschritte der Krebsforschung. Progres dans les recherches sur le cancer|year=2009|volume=171|pages=83–102|pmid=19322539|doi=10.1007/978-3-540-31206-2_5}}</ref><ref name="pmid16932614">{{cite journal| author=Schwartzbaum JA, Fisher JL, Aldape KD, Wrensch M| title=Epidemiology and molecular pathology of glioma. | journal=Nat Clin Pract Neurol | year= 2006 | volume= 2 | issue= 9 | pages= 494-503; quiz 1 p following 516 | pmid=16932614 | doi=10.1038/ncpneuro0289 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16932614  }} </ref>


==Risk factors==
==Risk factors==
* Occupational factors
Common risk factors in the development of glioma may be occupational, environmental, genetic, and viral.<ref name=ddd>{{Cite journal|title = Animal viruses, bacteria, and cancer: a brief commentary|url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24592380|journal = Frontiers in Public Health|date = 2014|issn = 2296-2565|pmc = 3923154|pmid = 24592380|pages = 14|volume = 2|doi = 10.3389/fpubh.2014.00014|first = Jimmy T.|last = Efird|first2 = Stephen W.|last2 = Davies|first3 = Wesley T.|last3 = O'Neal|first4 = Ethan J.|last4 = Anderson}}</ref><ref name=bbb>{{Cite journal|title = Exposure to farm crops, livestock, and farm tasks and risk of glioma: the Upper Midwest Health Study|url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19403843/|journal = American Journal of Epidemiology|date = Jun 15, 2009|issn = 1476-6256|pmid = 19403843|pages = 1479-1491|volume = 169|issue = 12|doi = 10.1093/aje/kwp075|first = Avima M.|last = Ruder|first2 = Tania|last2 = Carreón|first3 = Mary Ann|last3 = Butler|first4 = Geoffrey M.|last4 = Calvert|first5 = Karen E.|last5 = Davis-King|first6 = Martha A.|last6 = Waters|first7 = Paul A.|last7 = Schulte|first8 = Jack S.|last8 = Mandel|first9 = Roscoe F.|last9 = Morton}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|title = The epidemiology of glioma in adults: a "state of the science" review|url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24842956|journal = Neuro-Oncology|date = Jul 2014|issn = 1523-5866|pmc = 4057143|pmid = 24842956|pages = 896-913|volume = 16|issue = 7|doi = 10.1093/neuonc/nou087|first = Quinn T.|last = Ostrom|first2 = Luc|last2 = Bauchet|first3 = Faith G.|last3 = Davis|first4 = Isabelle|last4 = Deltour|first5 = James L.|last5 = Fisher|first6 = Chelsea Eastman|last6 = Langer|first7 = Melike|last7 = Pekmezci|first8 = Judith A.|last8 = Schwartzbaum|first9 = Michelle C.|last9 = Turner}}</ref><ref name=aaa>{{cite journal|last=Reuss|first=D|author2=von Deimling, A|title=Hereditary tumor syndromes and gliomas.|journal=Recent results in cancer research. Fortschritte der Krebsforschung. Progres dans les recherches sur le cancer|year=2009|volume=171|pages=83–102|pmid=19322539|doi=10.1007/978-3-540-31206-2_5}}</ref><ref name="pmid16932614">{{cite journal| author=Schwartzbaum JA, Fisher JL, Aldape KD, Wrensch M| title=Epidemiology and molecular pathology of glioma. | journal=Nat Clin Pract Neurol | year= 2006 | volume= 2 | issue= 9 | pages= 494-503; quiz 1 p following 516 | pmid=16932614 | doi=10.1038/ncpneuro0289 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16932614  }} </ref>
:* Farmers<ref>{{Cite journal|title = Animal viruses, bacteria, and cancer: a brief commentary|url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24592380|journal = Frontiers in Public Health|date = 2014|issn = 2296-2565|pmc = 3923154|pmid = 24592380|pages = 14|volume = 2|doi = 10.3389/fpubh.2014.00014|first = Jimmy T.|last = Efird|first2 = Stephen W.|last2 = Davies|first3 = Wesley T.|last3 = O'Neal|first4 = Ethan J.|last4 = Anderson}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title = Exposure to farm crops, livestock, and farm tasks and risk of glioma: the Upper Midwest Health Study|url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19403843/|journal = American Journal of Epidemiology|date = Jun 15, 2009|issn = 1476-6256|pmid = 19403843|pages = 1479-1491|volume = 169|issue = 12|doi = 10.1093/aje/kwp075|first = Avima M.|last = Ruder|first2 = Tania|last2 = Carreón|first3 = Mary Ann|last3 = Butler|first4 = Geoffrey M.|last4 = Calvert|first5 = Karen E.|last5 = Davis-King|first6 = Martha A.|last6 = Waters|first7 = Paul A.|last7 = Schulte|first8 = Jack S.|last8 = Mandel|first9 = Roscoe F.|last9 = Morton}}</ref>  
 
:* Architects
 
:* Surveyors
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px; width: 600px" align=center
:* Retail workers
|valign=top|
:* Butchers
|+
:* Engineers<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|title = The epidemiology of glioma in adults: a "state of the science" review|url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24842956|journal = Neuro-Oncology|date = Jul 2014|issn = 1523-5866|pmc = 4057143|pmid = 24842956|pages = 896-913|volume = 16|issue = 7|doi = 10.1093/neuonc/nou087|first = Quinn T.|last = Ostrom|first2 = Luc|last2 = Bauchet|first3 = Faith G.|last3 = Davis|first4 = Isabelle|last4 = Deltour|first5 = James L.|last5 = Fisher|first6 = Chelsea Eastman|last6 = Langer|first7 = Melike|last7 = Pekmezci|first8 = Judith A.|last8 = Schwartzbaum|first9 = Michelle C.|last9 = Turner}}</ref>
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 200px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Category}}
* Environnemental factors
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 400px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Risk factors}}
:* [[Electromagnetic radiation]] <ref>{{cite press release |title=IARC classifies radiofrequency electromagnetic fields as possibly carcinogenic to humans |url=http://www.iarc.fr/en/media-centre/pr/2011/pdfs/pr208_E.pdf |publisher=IARC |date=31 May 2011 }}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal|last=Benson|first=Victoria|author2=Kristin Pirie |author3=Joachim Schüz |author4=Gillian K Reeves |author5=Valerie Beral |author6=Jane Green |title=Mobile phone use and risk of brain neoplasms and other cancers: prospective study|journal=International Journal of Epidemiology|date=23 March 2013|volume=42|issue=3|pages=792–802|doi=10.1093/ije/dyt072|url=http://ije.oxfordjournals.org/content/42/3/792|accessdate=8 May 2013}}</ref>
|-
* Genetic factors
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" |
:* [[Genetic disorders]] such as [[neurofibromatosis]] (type 1 and type 2) and [[tuberous sclerosis complex]] are known to predispose to their development.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Reuss|first=D|author2=von Deimling, A|title=Hereditary tumor syndromes and gliomas.|journal=Recent results in cancer research. Fortschritte der Krebsforschung. Progres dans les recherches sur le cancer|year=2009|volume=171|pages=83–102|pmid=19322539|doi=10.1007/978-3-540-31206-2_5}}</ref>  
Occupational factors
:* DNA damages
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
::* Epigenetic repression of DNA repair genes is often found in progression to [[Cancer#Heredity|sporadic]] [[glioblastoma]].  For instance, [[methylation]] of the DNA repair gene O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase(MGMT) Promoter was observed in 51.3% to 66% of glioblastoma specimens.<ref name="pmid22672670">{{cite journal |author=Skiriute D, Vaitkiene P, Saferis V, Asmoniene V, Skauminas K, Deltuva VP, Tamasauskas A |title=MGMT, GATA6, CD81, DR4, and CASP8 gene promoter methylation in glioblastoma |journal=BMC Cancer |volume=12 |issue= |pages=218 |year=2012 |pmid=22672670 |pmc=3404983 |doi=10.1186/1471-2407-12-218 |url=http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2407/12/218}}</ref><ref name=Spiegel>{{cite journal |author=Spiegl-Kreinecker S, Pirker C, Filipits M, Lötsch D, Buchroithner J, Pichler J, Silye R, Weis S, Micksche M, Fischer J, Berger W |title=O6-Methylguanine DNA methyltransferase protein expression in tumor cells predicts outcome of temozolomide therapy in glioblastoma patients |journal=Neuro-oncology |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=28–36 |date=January 2010  |pmid=20150365 |pmc=2940563 |doi=10.1093/neuonc/nop003 |url=http://neuro-oncology.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=20150365}}</ref>
*Farmers
::* Epigenetic reductions in expression of another DNA repair protein, ERCC1, were found in an assortment of 32 gliomas.<ref name="pmid19626585">{{cite journal |author=Chen HY, Shao CJ, Chen FR, Kwan AL, Chen ZP |title=Role of ERCC1 promoter hypermethylation in drug resistance to cisplatin in human gliomas |journal=Int. J. Cancer |volume=126 |issue=8 |pages=1944–54 |date=April 2010  |pmid=19626585 |doi=10.1002/ijc.24772 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.24772}}</ref>
*Architects
::* Mutations in gliomas frequently occur in either [[isocitrate dehydrogenase]] (IDH) 1 or 2 genes. One of these mutations (mostly in IDH1) occurs in about 80% of low grade gliomas and secondary high-grade gliomas.<ref name=Cohen>{{cite journal |author=Cohen AL, Holmen SL, Colman H |title=IDH1 and IDH2 mutations in gliomas |journal=Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep |volume=13 |issue=5 |pages=345 |date=May 2013  |pmid=23532369 |doi=10.1007/s11910-013-0345-4 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11910-013-0345-4 |pmc=4109985}}</ref>
*Surveyors
* [[Cytomegalovirus]]<ref>{{cite journal|authors=Michaelis M, Baumgarten P, Mittelbronn M, Driever PH, Doerr HW, Cinatl J, Jr |title=Oncomodulation by human cytomegalovirus: novel clinical findings open new roads.|journal=Medical microbiology and immunology|date=February 2011|volume=200|issue=1|pages=1–5|pmid=20967552|doi=10.1007/s00430-010-0177-7}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Barami|first=K|title=Oncomodulatory mechanisms of human cytomegalovirus in gliomas.|journal=Journal of Clinical Neuroscience |date=July 2010|volume=17|issue=7|pages=819–23|pmid=20427188|doi=10.1016/j.jocn.2009.10.040}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|journal=Neuro Oncol |date=Mar 2012 |volume=14 |issue=3 |pages=246–55 |doi=10.1093/neuonc/nor227 |title=Consensus on the role of human cytomegalovirus in glioblastoma |authors=Dziurzynski K, Chang SM, Heimberger AB, Kalejta RF, McGregor Dallas SR, Smit M, Soroceanu L, Cobbs CS; HCMV and Gliomas Symposium |pmid=22319219 |pmc=3280809 }}</ref>
*Retail workers
*Butchers
*Engineers
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;font-weight: bold" |
Environmental factors
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*[[Radiotherapy|High-dose radiation]]
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;font-weight: bold" |
Genetic factors
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*[[Neurofibromatosis type 1]]
*[[Neurofibromatosis type 2]]
*[[Tuberous sclerosis]]
*[[Li-Fraumeni syndrome]]
*[[Turcot syndrome]]
*[[Maffucci syndrome]]
*[[Von Hippel-Lindau disease]]
*[[Retinoblastoma]]
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;font-weight: bold" |
Viruses
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |  
*[[Cytomegalovirus]]
*[[Varicella zoster virus]]
*[[Simian virus 40]]
*[[JC virus]]
*[[BK virus]]
*[[Adenovirus]]
*[[Retrovirus]]
*[[Human herpesvirus 6]]
*[[Influenza]]
|}


==References==
==References==
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Latest revision as of 01:45, 27 November 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujit Routray, M.D. [2]

Overview

Common risk factors in the development of glioma may be occupational, environmental, genetic, and viral.[1][2][3][4][5]

Risk factors

Common risk factors in the development of glioma may be occupational, environmental, genetic, and viral.[1][2][3][4][5]


Category Risk factors

Occupational factors

  • Farmers
  • Architects
  • Surveyors
  • Retail workers
  • Butchers
  • Engineers

Environmental factors

Genetic factors

Viruses

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Efird, Jimmy T.; Davies, Stephen W.; O'Neal, Wesley T.; Anderson, Ethan J. (2014). "Animal viruses, bacteria, and cancer: a brief commentary". Frontiers in Public Health. 2: 14. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2014.00014. ISSN 2296-2565. PMC 3923154. PMID 24592380.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Ruder, Avima M.; Carreón, Tania; Butler, Mary Ann; Calvert, Geoffrey M.; Davis-King, Karen E.; Waters, Martha A.; Schulte, Paul A.; Mandel, Jack S.; Morton, Roscoe F. (Jun 15, 2009). "Exposure to farm crops, livestock, and farm tasks and risk of glioma: the Upper Midwest Health Study". American Journal of Epidemiology. 169 (12): 1479–1491. doi:10.1093/aje/kwp075. ISSN 1476-6256. PMID 19403843.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Ostrom, Quinn T.; Bauchet, Luc; Davis, Faith G.; Deltour, Isabelle; Fisher, James L.; Langer, Chelsea Eastman; Pekmezci, Melike; Schwartzbaum, Judith A.; Turner, Michelle C. (Jul 2014). "The epidemiology of glioma in adults: a "state of the science" review". Neuro-Oncology. 16 (7): 896–913. doi:10.1093/neuonc/nou087. ISSN 1523-5866. PMC 4057143. PMID 24842956.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Reuss, D; von Deimling, A (2009). "Hereditary tumor syndromes and gliomas". Recent results in cancer research. Fortschritte der Krebsforschung. Progres dans les recherches sur le cancer. 171: 83–102. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-31206-2_5. PMID 19322539.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Schwartzbaum JA, Fisher JL, Aldape KD, Wrensch M (2006). "Epidemiology and molecular pathology of glioma". Nat Clin Pract Neurol. 2 (9): 494–503, quiz 1 p following 516. doi:10.1038/ncpneuro0289. PMID 16932614.


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