Swine influenza diagnostic criteria
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Diagnostic Criteria
Case Definitions for Infection with Swine-Origin Influenza A (H1N1) Virus
- A confirmed case of swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus infection is defined as an acute febrile respiratory illness in a person and laboratory-confirmed swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus infection at CDC by either of the following tests:[1]
- Real-time reverse transcrition--polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR)
- OR
- Viral culture
- A probable case of swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus infection is defined as acute febrile respiratory illness in a person who is:
- Positive for influenza A, but negative for H1 and H3 by influenza rRT-PCR.
- A suspected case of swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus infection is defined as acute febrile respiratory illness in a person:
- With onset within 7 days of close contact with a person who has a confirmed case of swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus infection
- OR
- With onset within 7 days of travel to a community, either within the United States or internationally, which has one or more confirmed swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) cases
- OR
- Who resides in a community in which one or more confirmed swine-origin influenza cases have occurred
- Close contact is defined as having cared for or lived with a person who is a confirmed, probable, or suspected case of influenza, or having been in a setting where there was a high likelihood of contact with respiratory droplets and/or body fluids of such a person. Examples of close contact include sharing eating or drinking utensils, or any other contact between persons likely to result in exposure to respiratory droplets. Close contact typically does not include activities such as walking by an infected person or sitting across from a symptomatic patient in a waiting room or office.
- Acute respiratory illness is defined as: recent onset of at least two of the following: rhinorrhea or nasal congestion, sore throat, cough (with or without fever or feverishness)
- High-risk group for complications of influenza is defined as: a person who is at high-risk for complications of seasonal influenza: However, it too early to ascertain what persons are at high-risk for complications of swine influenza A(H1N1) virus infection. This guidance will be updated as new information is available.