Prokinetic
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Contents |
Definition
Prokinetics are a class of drugs used on the digestive system. It includes all drugs whose primary effect is to augment the speed of intestinal transit, by increasing the frequency of contractions in the small intestine or making them stronger, but without disrupting their rhythm. They are mostly used to treat or prevent pathological reflux, or to speed up absorption of certain other drugs. Some of them can also be used to help in the treatment of nausea or other symptoms associated with dyspepsia. Most of these drugs are grouped under ATC code A03F.
Pharmacokinetics
Both cisapride and metoclopramide are serotonin receptor modulators.
Cisapride acts on 5HT4 receptor. Its metabolised by CYP3A4 so when combined with enzyme inhibitors as ketoconazole, erythromycin the increased serum level can produce prolonged QT interval in ECG and serious cardiac arrythmia.
Parasympathomimetics as bethanechol. They increase motility and secretions as well as motilin like agents e.g. erythromycin.
Examples
Examples of this class of drug are:
Further reading
- Hardman JG, Limbird LE, Gilman AG. Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 10th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2001. ISBN 0-07-135469-7.
Drugs for functional gastrointestinal disorders (A03) | |
|---|---|
| Drugs for functional bowel disorders | antimuscarinics: Mebeverine - Dicycloverine - Propantheline
papaverine and derivatives: Papaverine - Drotaverine - Moxaverine acting on serotonin receptors: 5-HT3 antagonists (Alosetron, Cilansetron) - 5HT4 agonists (Mosapride, Tegaserod) other: Diisopromine - Isometheptene - Phloroglucinol - Proglumide - Tridihexethyl |
| Belladonna and derivatives (antimuscarinics) | Atropine - Hyoscyamine - Butylscopolamine - Methylscopolamine |
| Propulsives | primarily dopamine antagonists (Metoclopramide/Bromopride, Domperidone, Alizapride) - serotonin agonists (Cisapride) - Clebopride |
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
