Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 echocardiography or ultrasound

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ammu Susheela, M.D. [2]

Overview

Ultrasound scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2. Findings on ultrasound scan suggestive of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 include punctate high echogenic foci resembling calcification within the thyroid gland, solid to mixed cystic masses on adrenal gland, and homogeneously hypoechoic parathyroid gland.

Ultrasound

Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma

Pheochromocytoma

Parathyroid Adenoma

  • May commonly show a characteristic extrathyroidal feeding vessel (typically a branch of inferior thyroidal artery), which enters the parathyroid gland at one of the poles. Internal vascularity is also commonly observed in a peripheral distribution. This feeding artery tends to branch around the periphery of the gland before penetration. This feature gives a characteristic arc or rim of vascularity. The overlying thyroid gland may also show an area of asymmetric hypervascularity that may help to locate an underlying adenoma.[3]

References

  1. Gorman B, Charboneau JW, James EM, Reading CC, Wold LE, Grant CS; et al. (1987). "Medullary thyroid carcinoma: role of high-resolution US". Radiology. 162 (1 Pt 1): 147–50. doi:10.1148/radiology.162.1.3538147. PMID 3538147.
  2. Leung K, Stamm M, Raja A, Low G (2013). "Pheochromocytoma: the range of appearances on ultrasound, CT, MRI, and functional imaging". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 200 (2): 370–8. doi:10.2214/AJR.12.9126. PMID 23345359.
  3. 3.0 3.1 "Radiopedia 2015 Pheochromocytoma [Dr Matt A. Morgan and Dr Frank Gaillard]".
  4. Wieneke JA, Smith A (2008). "Parathyroid adenoma". Head Neck Pathol. 2 (4): 305–8. doi:10.1007/s12105-008-0088-8. PMC 2807581. PMID 20614300.
  5. Johnson NA, Tublin ME, Ogilvie JB (2007). "Parathyroid imaging: technique and role in the preoperative evaluation of primary hyperparathyroidism". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 188 (6): 1706–15. doi:10.2214/AJR.06.0938. PMID 17515397.

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