Lipoid pneumonia causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ramyar Ghandriz MD[2]
Overview
Vaping is a common cause of lipoid pneumonia. Occupationally related lipoid pneumonia is seen in fire-eaters(caused by Kedran oil). Some trivial habits such as: Use of oil-based laxatives, lip balm, lip gloss petroleum jelly play a role in lipoid pneumonia development. Siphoning various mineral oils such as diesel is another common risk factor especially in India may be another causetive factor.
Exogenous lipoid Pneumonia Causes
Common Causes
- Vaping is a common cause of lipoid pneumonia:[1][2][3]
- E-cigarets and vapes use an oily juice as their source.
- Heating the oil makes the smoke.
- They can be used as THC or other drug smoking material.
- There is a high association between THC or other highly concentrated oil juice material with lipoid pneumonia.
- Occupationally related lipoid pneumonia is seen in fire-eaters(caused by Kedran oil).[4][5]
Less common causes
- Some trivial habits such as:[6][7]
- Use of oil-based laxatives
- Lip balm
- Lip gloss
- Petroleum jelly
- Siphoning various mineral oils such as diesel is another common risk factor especially in India.
- Forceful animal fat feeding such as 'Ghee' is another common cause among Indians.
- Exogenous lipid could be aspirated through these mechanisms
Genetic causes
- There is no reported genetic causes for exogenous lipoid pneumonia.[8]
Aspiration causes
- Incompetent swallowing mechanism, such as in neurological disease (a common cause being strokes) or while a person is intoxicated.
- Iatrogenic causes such as general anaesthesia for an operation. Patients are therefore instructed to be "not permitted orally" (NPO) for at least four hours before surgery.
- Exogenous lipoid pneumonia could be an iatrogenic outcome of bronchoscopy with propylidone dye.
- Drug Side Effect:
Endogenous lipoid Pneumonia Causes
- Most common cause of endogenous lipoid pneumonia pre-existing conditions such as:[9][10][11][12][13][14][15]
- Endogenous lipid pneumonia is a direct consequence of bronchial obstruction:
- The main reason is non-small cell carcinoma.
- Endogenous lipid pneumonia can occure as manifestation of infection or other diseases with no obstruction.
- Endogenous lipoid pneumonia has been observed in association with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.
- Alveolar proteinosis is filling the alveoli with protein and lipid resembling surfactant.
- It manifest as ground-glass capacities and crazy-paving pattern on CT scan
- Niemann-pick disease
- Sclerosing cholangitis
- Bronchiolitis oblitera
- Nercotizing granulomatosis
- Connective tissue disease
- Endogenous lipid pneumonia is a direct consequence of bronchial obstruction:
Causes by Organ System
| Cardiovascular | No underlying causes |
| Chemical/Poisoning | petroleum jelly |
| Dental | No underlying causes |
| Dermatologic | No underlying causes |
| Drug Side Effect | Oil based luxatives |
| Ear Nose Throat | No underlying causes |
| Endocrine | No underlying causes |
| Environmental | No underlying causes |
| Gastroenterologic | No underlying causes |
| Genetic | No underlying causes |
| Hematologic | No underlying causes |
| Iatrogenic | Oil based prescriptions |
| Infectious Disease | No underlying causes |
| Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic | No underlying causes |
| Neurologic | No underlying causes |
| Nutritional/Metabolic | No underlying causes |
| Obstetric/Gynecologic | No underlying causes |
| Oncologic | solid tumors |
| Ophthalmologic | No underlying causes |
| Overdose/Toxicity | No underlying causes |
| Psychiatric | No underlying causes |
| Pulmonary | No underlying causes |
| Renal/Electrolyte | No underlying causes |
| Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy | No underlying causes |
| Sexual | No underlying causes |
| Trauma | No underlying causes |
| Urologic | No underlying causes |
| Miscellaneous | Vaping with oily juice |
References
- ↑ Gondouin, A.; Manzoni, Ph.; Ranfaing, E.; Brun, J.; Cadranel, J.; Sadoun, D.; Cordier, J.F.; Depierre, A.; Dalphin, J.C. (1996). "Exogenous lipid pneumonia: a retrospective multicentre study of 44 cases in France". European Respiratory Journal. 9 (7): 1463–1469. doi:10.1183/09031936.96.09071463. ISSN 0000-0000.
- ↑ Meltzer, E.; Guranda, L.; Perelman, M.; Krupsky, M.; Vassilenko, L.; Sidi, Y. (2005). "Lipoid pneumonia: A preventable form of drug-induced lung injury". European Journal of Internal Medicine. 16 (8): 615–617. doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2005.06.014. ISSN 0953-6205.
- ↑ "Outbreak of Electronic-Cigarette–Associated Acute Lipoid Pneumonia — North Carolina, July–August 2019 | MMWR".
- ↑ Kitchen, J M; O'Brien, D E; McLaughlin, A M (2008). "Perils of fire eating". Thorax. 63 (5): 401–401. doi:10.1136/thx.2007.090001. ISSN 0040-6376.
- ↑ Seaton, A. (2010). "Lipoid pneumonia in a fire breather". Occupational Medicine. 60 (5): 406–406. doi:10.1093/occmed/kqq094. ISSN 0962-7480.
- ↑ Spickard, Anderson (1994). "Exogenous Lipoid Pneumonia". Archives of Internal Medicine. 154 (6): 686. doi:10.1001/archinte.1994.00420060122013. ISSN 0003-9926.
- ↑ Hadda, Vijay; Khilnani, Gopi C; Bhalla, Ashu S; Mathur, Sandeep (2009). "Lipoid pneumonia presenting as non resolving community acquired pneumonia: a case report". Cases Journal. 2 (1): 9332. doi:10.1186/1757-1626-2-9332. ISSN 1757-1626.
- ↑ Lu M, Yan W, Zhu X, Zhu H (2019). "[Exogenous lipoid pneumonia induced by long-term usage of compound menthol nasal drops: a case report]". Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 51 (2): 359–361. PMID 30996383.
- ↑ Gaerte, Scott C.; Meyer, Cristopher A.; Winer-Muram, Helen T.; Tarver, Robert D.; Conces, Dewey J. (2002). "Fat-containing Lesions of the Chest". RadioGraphics. 22 (suppl_1): S61–S78. doi:10.1148/radiographics.22.suppl_1.g02oc08s61. ISSN 0271-5333.
- ↑ Au, W.Y.; Lie, A.K.; Cheng, V.C.C.; Cheng, L.C.; Wang, E.P.; Wong, C.F. (2007). "Successful Lung Transplantation for Post-BMT Bronchiolitis Obliterans and Lipoid Pneumonia Associated with Atypical Mycobacterium and Aspergillosis Infection". The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation. 26 (8): 870–872. doi:10.1016/j.healun.2007.05.015. ISSN 1053-2498.
- ↑ Berghaus, Thomas M; Haeckel, Thomas; Wagner, Theodor; von Scheidt, Wolfgang; Schwaiblmair, Martin G (2007). "Endogenous lipoid pneumonia associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis". The Lancet. 369 (9567): 1140. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60530-3. ISSN 0140-6736.
- ↑ Nicholson, Andrew G.; Wells, Athol U.; Hooper, James; Hansell, David M.; Kelleher, Andrea; Morgan, Cliff (2002). "Successful Treatment of Endogenous Lipoid Pneumonia due to Niemann–Pick Type B Disease with Whole-Lung Lavage". American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 165 (1): 128–131. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.165.1.2103113. ISSN 1073-449X.
- ↑ Itoh, Yasushi; Segawa, Hidekazu; Kito, Katsuyuki; Hodohara, Keiko; Ishigaki, Hirohito; Sugihara, Hiroyuki; Fujiyama, Yoshihide; Ogasawara, Kazumasa (2009). "Lipoid pneumonia with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia". Pathology - Research and Practice. 205 (2): 143–147. doi:10.1016/j.prp.2008.07.013. ISSN 0344-0338.
- ↑ Spalding, Steven J; Cambria, Marnie; Arkachaisri, Thaschawee (2009). "Distinguishing Wegener's granulomatosis from necrotizing community acquired pneumonia: A case report and comparison of radiographic findings". Pediatric Pulmonology. 44 (2): 195–197. doi:10.1002/ppul.20959. ISSN 8755-6863.
- ↑ Barta Z, Szabo GG, Bruckner G, Szegedi G (2001). "Endogenous lipoid pneumonia associated with undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD)". Med Sci Monit. 7 (1): 134–6. PMID 11208509.
- ↑ Katsumi, Hidenori; Tominaga, Masaki; Tajiri, Morihiro; Shimizu, Shigeki; Sakazaki, Yuki; Kinoshita, Takashi; Okamoto, Masaki; Kawayama, Tomotaka; Hoshino, Tomoaki (2016). "A case of lipoid pneumonia caused by inhalation of vaporized paraffin from burning candles". Respiratory Medicine Case Reports. 19: 166–168. doi:10.1016/j.rmcr.2016.10.001. ISSN 2213-0071.