Gastric dumping syndrome primary prevention

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Umar Ahmad, M.D.[2]

Overview

Effective measures for the primary prevention of dumping syndrome include preventing or avoiding surgery and preventing risk factor exposure. No vaccines are available for dumping syndrome.

Primary Prevention

Effective measures for the primary prevention of dumping syndrome include avoiding surgery, preventing risk factor exposure and a specific post-surgical diet.

• There are no available vaccines against dumping syndrome.
• Intravenous fluid substitution is not effective in preventing early dumping symptoms.
• Continuous enteral feeding may be help in avoiding dumping symptoms after meal ingestion. However this is not suggested because it is invasive.

Diet

Dietary Modifications (Level III; Grade B)

• Decrease carbohydrate intake
  • Avoid simple sugars like soda, candy sweets, and cookies
• Fluid restriction
  • Wait at least 30 minutes after a meal before drinking
• Increase protein intake
• Increase fat intake
• Increase fiber intake
• Dairy and dairy product restriction
• Shorter meals
• Eat slowly
• Chew properly
• Lying supine for 30 minutes after a meal
• Glycemic index education of foods is important

Dietary Foods

The following is a table that illustrates the types of food to take and avoid in the case of dumping syndrome.

Breads, Cereals, Rice and Pasta	Foods To Choose	Foods to Avoid
6-11 servings each day One serving equals: 1 slice bread, 1 cup ready-to-eat cereal 1/2 cup cooked cereal, rice, or pasta	Breads, bagels, rolls, unsweetened cereals, pasta, potatoes, rice, crackers, and soup (only if taken one hour after solid foods at medium temperature).	Sweet rolls and doughnuts Sweetened cereals Pancakes and waffles with syrup Soup (taken with solid foods)
Fruits	Foods to Choose	Foods To Avoid
2-4 servings each day One serving equals: 1 medium size fresh, 1/2 cup canned, 3/4 cup juice	All fresh fruit Drained, unsweetened canned fruit Unsweetened frozen fruit 100 percent pure juice (taken one hour after meals)	Canned fruits in heavy syrup Sweetened frozen fruit Sweetened juice (that is, punch or sports drinks) Candied fruit
Milk and Dairy Products	Foods To Choose	Foods to Avoid
Limit to 2 servings each day One serving equals: 1 cup milk or yogurt	Plain or unsweetened yogurt Skim, 2 percent, or whole milk (taken one hour after meals)	Milkshakes and chocolate milk Sweetened yogurt
Meats, Poultry, Fish, Dry Beans, Peas, Eggs and Cheese	Foods to Choose	Foods to Avoid
2-3 servings or a total of six ounces daily One serving equals: 2-3 ounces cooked meat, chicken, or fish (about the size of a deck of cards) or 1/2 to 3/4 cup cottage cheese or tuna fish or one egg, 1/2 cup cooked beans, two tablespoons peanut butter, or one ounce of cheese. Choose leaner cuts of beef and meat and limit the amount of high-fat items like eggs and cheese.	All meat, fish, poultry, peanut butter, cheese, eggs, and dried beans or legumes	Any not tolerated
Vegetables	Foods to Choose	Foods to Avoid
3-5 servings each day One serving equals: 1 cup raw, 1/2 cup cooked or chopped.	All vegetables	Any not tolerated
Fats, Condiments and Beverages	Foods to Choose	Foods to Avoid
	All butter, margarine, cream, oil, and salad dressings Salt, herbs, spices, and condiments Any sugar-free beverage (coffee, tea, diet soda, etc., taken one hour after solids)	Sweet pickles or relish Sweetened drinks (regular lemonade, soda) Any others not tolerated
Snacks, Sweets, and Desserts	Foods to Choose	Foods to Avoid
	Sugar-free gelatin Sugar-free pudding Sugar-free candy Sugar substitutes	Sugar Candy and chocolate Cakes and cookies Ice cream and sherbet Honey, syrup, and jelly Sugar alcohols such as sorbitol, xylitol, and mannitol

 

References

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