Cyanocobalamin
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| Cyanocobalamin | |
|---|---|
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| PubChem | |
| EINECS number | |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C63H88CoN14O14P |
| Molar mass | 1355.38 g/mol |
| Appearance | Dark red solid |
| Melting point |
> 300 ° C |
| Boiling point |
> 300 ° C |
| Solubility in water | Soluble |
| Hazards | |
| MSDS | External MSDS from Fisher Scientific |
| EU classification | Not available |
| NFPA 704 |
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| S-phrases | S24/25 |
| Flash point | N/A |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references | |
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Cyanocobalamin is an especially common "vitamer" (that is, member of a family of vitamins, all of which have some particular nutritional activity in preventing some vitamin deficiency disease). In the case of the B-12 vitamin family (see Vitamin B-12), cyanocobalamin is the most famous of the B-12 vitamers, because it is chemically the most air-stable, and it is the easiest to crystallize and therefore easiest to purify after it is produced by bacterial fermentation. The cyanide is added to the molecule by activated charcoal columns in purification. Thus, the use of this form of B-12 is the most wide-spread. [1]
This latter fact has caused some people (usually from reading labels on packages and vitamin supplements, in which vitamin B-12 is almost always listed last, since ingredients by law are listed in order of weight %), to infer that the "correct" chemical name of vitamin B-12 actually IS cyanocobalamin. In fact, "vitamin B-12" is the name for a whole class of chemicals with B-12 activity, and "cyanocobalamin" is only one of these. Cyanocobalamin usually does not even occur in nature, and cyanocobalamin is not one of the forms of this vitamin which is directly used in the human body (or that of any other animal). However, animals and humans can convert it to active (cofactor) forms of the vitamin, such as methylcobalamin.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Victor Herbert (1988). "Vitamin B-12: plant sources, requirements, and assay". American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 48: 852-8.
Vitamins (A11) | |
|---|---|
| Fat soluble | A: Retinol - Beta-carotene - Tretinoin - Alpha-carotene
D: 7-Dehydrocholesterol → Previtamin D3 → Cholecalciferol (D3) → Calcidiol → Calcitriol (active form) → Calcitroic acid; Ergosterol → Ergocalciferol (D2); (analogues: Dihydrotachysterol, Calcipotriol, Tacalcitol) E: Tocopherol - Tocotrienol K: Naphthoquinone - Phylloquinone/K1 - Menatetrenone/K2 |
| Water soluble: B vitamins | B1 (Thiamine, Sulbutiamine, Benfotiamine) - B2 (Riboflavin) - B3 (Niacin, Nicotinamide) - B5 (Pantothenic acid, Dexpanthenol, Pantethine) - B6 (Pyridoxine, Pyridoxal phosphate) - B7 (Biotin) - B9 (Folic acid) - B12 (Cyanocobalamin, Hydroxocobalamin, Methylcobalamin, Cobamamide) |
| Water soluble: other | C (Ascorbic acid) - Choline |
| see also enzyme cofactors | |
ca:Cianocobalamina cs:Vitamín B12 de:Cobalamineeo:Kobalaminoko:바이타민 B12 hr:Vitamin B12 it:Cobalamina he:ויטמין B12 lb:Cobalamin lt:Kobalaminas ms:Vitamin B12 nl:Cobalamineno:Kobalamin oc:Vitamina B12sk:Kobalamín sr:Витамин Б12 sh:Vitamin B12 fi:B12-vitamiini sv:Kobalamin th:วิตามินบี12
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
