Corynebacterium
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 C. ulcerans colonies on a blood agar plate.
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Corynebacterium is a genus of Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped actinobacteria. Most do not cause disease, but are part of normal human skin flora.
Some nondiphtheria species of Corynebacterium produce disease in specific animal species, and some of these are also human pathogens. Some species attack healthy hosts, and others attack immunosuppressed hosts. Some of their effects include granulomatous lymphadenitis, pneumonitis, pharyngitis, skin infections, and endocarditis. Endocarditis caused by Corynebacterium spp. is particularly seen in patients with indwelling intravascular devices.
Infection by diphtheroids tend to occur in elderly, neutropenic, or immunocompromised patients, and those who have indwelling prosthetic devices such as heart valves, neurologic shunts, or catheters.
Some species of Corynebacterium have sequenced genomes that range in size from 2.5 - 3 Mbp. They can be found in many environments including soil, trees and skin. The non-diptheiroid Corynebecterium can also be found in human mucous membranes. They grow slowly, even on enriched media, and undergo "Chinese Letter" division. Species of Corynebacterium have been used in the mass production of various amino acids including L-Glutamic Acid, a popular food additive that is made at a rate of 1.5 million tons/ year by Corynebacterium. The metabolic pathways of Corynebacterium have been further manipulated to produce L-Lysine and L-Threonine.
Species
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
- Corynebacterium diphtheriae, the cause of diphtheria in humans.
Nondiphtheriae Corynebacteria (diphtheroids)
- Corynebacterium amycolatum
- Corynebacterium aquaticum
- Corynebacterium bovis
- Corynebacterium equi
- Corynebacterium flavescens
- Corynebacterium glutamicum
- Corynebacterium haemolyticum
- Corynebacterium jeikeiun (corynebacteria of group JK)
- Corynebacterium minutissimum
- Corynebacterium parvum (also called Propionibacterium acnes)
- Corynebacterium pseudodiptheriticum (also called Corynebacterium hofmannii)
- Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (also called Corynebacterium ovis)
- Corynebacterium pyogenes
- Corynebacterium urealyticum (corynebacteria of group D2)
- Corynebacterium renale
- Corynebacterium striatum, (Axillary odor [3])
- Corynebacterium tenuis (Trichomycosis palmellina, Trichomycosis axillaris) [4]
- Corynebacterium ulcerans
- Corynebacterium xerosis
References
- Ryan KJ; Ray CG (editors) (2004). Sherris Medical Microbiology, 4th ed., McGraw Hill. ISBN 0-8385-8529-9.
- Database of Corynebacterial Transcription Factors and Regulatory Networks
- Rollins, David M. University of Maryland: Pathogentic Microbiology: Corynebacterium [5]
WikiDoc Research Resources for Corynebacterium | |
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| Articles on Corynebacterium | Most recent articles on Corynebacterium • Most cited articles on Corynebacterium • Review articles on Corynebacterium • Articles on Corynebacterium in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ |
| Media (Slides, Video, Images, MP3) on Corynebacterium | Powerpoint slides on Corynebacterium • Images of Corynebacterium • Photos of Corynebacterium • Podcasts & MP3s on Corynebacterium • Videos on Corynebacterium |
| Evidence Based Medicine Regarding Corynebacterium | Cochrane Collaboration on Corynebacterium • Bandolier on Corynebacterium • TRIP on Corynebacterium |
| Cost Effectiveness of Corynebacterium | Cost Effectiveness of Corynebacterium |
| Clinical Trials Involving Corynebacterium | Ongoing Trials on Corynebacterium at Clinical Trials.gov • Trial results on Corynebacterium • Clinical Trials on Corynebacterium at Google |
| Guidelines / Policies / Government Resources (FDA/CDC) Regarding Corynebacterium | US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Corynebacterium • NICE Guidance on Corynebacterium • NHS PRODIGY Guidance • FDA on Corynebacterium • CDC on Corynebacterium |
| Textbook Information on Corynebacterium | Books and Textbook Information on Corynebacterium |
| Pharmacology Resources on Corynebacterium | Dosing of Corynebacterium • Drug interactions with Corynebacterium • Side effects of Corynebacterium • Allergic reactions to Corynebacterium • Overdose information on Corynebacterium • Carcinogenicity information on Corynebacterium • Corynebacterium in pregnancy • Pharmacokinetics of Corynebacterium • |
| Genetics, Pharmacogenomics, and Proteinomics of Corynebacterium | Genetics of Corynebacterium • Pharmacogenomics of Corynebacterium • Proteomics of Corynebacterium |
| Newstories on Corynebacterium | Corynebacterium in the news • Be alerted to news on Corynebacterium • News trends on Corynebacterium |
| Commentary on Corynebacterium | Blogs on Corynebacterium |
| Patient Resources on Corynebacterium | Patient resources on Corynebacterium • Discussion groups on Corynebacterium • Patient Handouts on Corynebacterium • Directions to Hospitals Treating Corynebacterium • Risk calculators and risk factors for Corynebacterium |
| Healthcare Provider Resources on Corynebacterium | Symptoms of Corynebacterium • Causes & Risk Factors for Corynebacterium • Diagnostic studies for Corynebacterium • Treatment of Corynebacterium |
| Continuing Medical Education (CME) Programs on Corynebacterium | CME Programs on Corynebacterium |
| International Resources on Corynebacterium | Corynebacterium en Espanol • Corynebacterium en Francais |
| Business Resources on Corynebacterium | Corynebacterium in the Marketplace • Patents on Corynebacterium |
| Informatics Resources on Corynebacterium | List of terms related to Corynebacterium |
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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
