Yersinia pestis infection classification: Difference between revisions

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{{Yersinia pestis infection}}
{{Yersinia pestis infection}}
{{CMG}}; '''Assistant Editors-In-Chief:''' Esther Lee, M.A.; {{Rim}}
{{CMG}}; '''Assistant Editors-In-Chief:''' Esther Lee, M.A.; {{Rim}}; {{AJL}}


==Overview==
==Overview==
Plague can be classified according to the clinical syndrome it causes into bubonic plague, septicimic plague, pneumonic plague, or other forms.
The classification of plague depends on the mode of [[infection]] and the clinical [[syndrome]]. Plague can be classified into bubonic plague, septicemic plague, or pneumonic plague.


==Classification==
==Classification==
===Bubonic Plague===
===Bubonic Plague===
Bubonic plague is transmitted by flea bite or direct contamination of an open skin lesion by plague-infected material.  The infection spreads via the lymphatics to the regional lymph nodes causing inflammation and swelling in one or several nodes (buboes).<ref name=WHObook>Plague Manual: Epidemiology, Distribution, Surveillance. World Health Organization. Communicable Disease Surveillance and Response
Bubonic plague is transmitted by flea bite or direct [[contamination]] of an open [[skin lesion]] by plague-infected material.  The [[infection]] spreads to the regional [[lymph nodes]] causing [[inflammation]] and swelling in one or several nodes (buboes).<ref name=WHObook>Plague Manual: Epidemiology, Distribution, Surveillance. World Health Organization. Communicable Disease Surveillance and Response
and Control. WHO/CDS/CSR/EDC/99.2 </ref>
and Control. WHO/CDS/CSR/EDC/99.2 </ref>


===Pneumonic Plague===
===Pneumonic Plague===
Plague pneumonia occurs in two distinct and epidemiologically significant forms.<ref name=WHObook>Plague Manual: Epidemiology, Distribution, Surveillance. World Health Organization. Communicable Disease Surveillance and Response
Pneumonic plague occurs in two distinct and epidemiologically significant forms.<ref name=WHObook>Plague Manual: Epidemiology, Distribution, Surveillance. World Health Organization. Communicable Disease Surveillance and Response
and Control. WHO/CDS/CSR/EDC/99.2 </ref>
and Control. WHO/CDS/CSR/EDC/99.2 </ref>
* Secondary plague pneumonia results from hematogenous spread of ''Y. pestis'' to the [[lungs]].
* Secondary plague [[pneumonia]] results from the hematogenous spread of ''[[Y. pestis]]'' to the [[lungs]].
* A primary pneumonic plague patient usually has an infectious [[pneumonitis]] at the onset of symptoms.
* A primary pneumonic plague patient usually presents with an [[infectious]] [[pneumonitis]] upon the onset of [[symptoms]].


===Septicemic Plague===
===Septicemic Plague===
Septicemic plague can be primary or secondary to bubonic plague.  Primary septicemic plague is a progressive, overwhelming bloodstream infection with ''Y. pestis'' in the apparent absence of a primary [[lymphadenopathy]].<ref name=WHObook>Plague Manual: Epidemiology, Distribution, Surveillance. World Health Organization. Communicable Disease Surveillance and Response
Septicemic plague can be primary or secondary to bubonic plague.  Primary septicemic plague is a progressive, overwhelming [[bloodstream]] infection with ''[[Y. pestis]]'' in the apparent absence of a primary [[lymphadenopathy]].<ref name=WHObook>Plague Manual: Epidemiology, Distribution, Surveillance. World Health Organization. Communicable Disease Surveillance and Response
and Control. WHO/CDS/CSR/EDC/99.2 </ref>
and Control. WHO/CDS/CSR/EDC/99.2 </ref>


===Other Types of Plague===
===Other Types of Plagues===
* Cellulocutaneous plague
* Cellulocutaneous plague
* [[Meningeal]] plague
* [[Meningeal]] plague
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* [[Abortive]] plague
* [[Abortive]] plague
* Pestis minor
* Pestis minor
* Asymptomatic plague
* [[Asymptomatic]] plague


==References==
==References==


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Latest revision as of 00:46, 30 July 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Assistant Editors-In-Chief: Esther Lee, M.A.; Rim Halaby, M.D. [2]; Alison Leibowitz [3]

Overview

The classification of plague depends on the mode of infection and the clinical syndrome. Plague can be classified into bubonic plague, septicemic plague, or pneumonic plague.

Classification

Bubonic Plague

Bubonic plague is transmitted by flea bite or direct contamination of an open skin lesion by plague-infected material. The infection spreads to the regional lymph nodes causing inflammation and swelling in one or several nodes (buboes).[1]

Pneumonic Plague

Pneumonic plague occurs in two distinct and epidemiologically significant forms.[1]

Septicemic Plague

Septicemic plague can be primary or secondary to bubonic plague. Primary septicemic plague is a progressive, overwhelming bloodstream infection with Y. pestis in the apparent absence of a primary lymphadenopathy.[1]

Other Types of Plagues

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Plague Manual: Epidemiology, Distribution, Surveillance. World Health Organization. Communicable Disease Surveillance and Response and Control. WHO/CDS/CSR/EDC/99.2

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