Ventricular septal defect: Difference between revisions

	Ventricular septal defect;
	Echocardiographic image of a moderate ventricular septal defect in the mid-muscular part of the septum. The trace in the lower left shows the flow during one complete cardiac cycle and the red mark the time in the cardiac cycle that the image was captured. Colours are used to represent the velocity of the blood. Flow is from the left ventricle (right on image) to the right ventricle (left on image). The size and position is typical for a VSD in the newborn period.
ICD-10	Q21.0
ICD-9	745.4
DiseasesDB	13808
eMedicine	med/3517
MeSH	C14.240.400.560.540

	Ventricular septal defect Microchapters
Home
Patient Information
Overview
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Ventricular Septal Defect from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Electrocardiogram
Chest X Ray
CT
MRI
Echocardiography
Cardiac Catheterization
Treatment
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Ventricular septal defect post-surgical prognosis
ACC/AHA Guidelines for Surgical and Catheter Intervention Follow-Up
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ACC/AHA Guidelines for Reproduction
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Case #1
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	Ventricular septal defect;
	Cross-section diagram of a normal human heart
ICD-10	I01.0, I09.2, I30-I32
ICD-9	420.90
DiseasesDB	9820
MedlinePlus	000182
eMedicine	med/1781 emerg/412
MeSH	septal defect&field=entry#TreeC14.280.720 C14.280.720

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Revision as of 19:43, 5 July 2011

For patient information click here

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Associate Editors-In-Chief: Keri Shafer, M.D. [2]; Atif Mohammad, M.D., Priyamvada Singh, MBBS

diagram of ventricular septal defect

Natural history, complications and prognosis

Ventricular septal defect classification

Congenital heart disease septal |Congenital heart disease obstructive|Congenital heart disease cyanotic

Pathological Findings

Images courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology

Right Ventricle Hypoplasia: Gross natural color good example showing tiny tricuspid inlet and very small but quite thick right ventricle
Right Ventricle Hypoplasia: Gross natural color view from right atrium showing patent foramen ovale and very small tricuspid valve
Right Ventricle Hypoplasia: Gross natural color external view of heart showing very large left ventricle and very small right ventricle delineated by anterior descending branch of left coronary artery

External links

Sources

The ACC/AHA/HRS 2008 Guidelines for Device-Based Therapy of Cardiac Rhythm Abnormalities ^[1]

References

1. “The Heart Chest.” Non-profit Organization.

2. “Congenital Heart Disease.” Clinical Reference Systems. McKesson Health Solutions LLC , 2004. pg 783. Health Reference Center-Academic. Accessed: 20 Feb. 2006.

3. Jacob, Dawn A. “Patent Ductus Arteriosus.” Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine. 2001. Health Reference Center-Academic . Accessed: 20 Feb. 2006.

4. Knopper, Melissa, and Teresa G Odle. “Congenital Heart Disease.” Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine. 2004. Health Reference Center-Academic . 20 Feb. 2006.

5. Washington, Reginald L. “Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome.” Clinical Reference Systems. McKesson Health Solutions LLC , 2004. p 1724. Health Reference Center-Academic. Accessed: 20 Feb. 2006.

↑ Epstein AE, DiMarco JP, Ellenbogen KA, Estes NAM III, Freedman RA, Gettes LS, Gillinov AM, Gregoratos G, Hammill SC, Hayes DL, Hlatky MA, Newby LK, Page RL, Schoenfeld MH, Silka MJ, Stevenson LW, Sweeney MO. ACC/AHA/HRS 2008 guidelines for device-based therapy of cardiac rhythm abnormalities: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the ACC/AHA/NASPE 2002 Guideline Update for Implantation of Cardiac Pacemakers and Antiarrhythmia Devices). Circulation. 2008; 117: 2820–2840. PMID 18483207

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de:Herzfehler lv:Iedzimtās sirds slimības nn:Medfødd hjartefeil sr:Урођене срчане мане uk:Вроджені вади серця wa:Maladeye des bleus påpåds

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Articles
WikiDoc Resources for Ventricular septal defect
Most recent articles on Ventricular septal defect Most cited articles on Ventricular septal defect Review articles on Ventricular septal defect Articles on Ventricular septal defect in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ
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Clinical Trials
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US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Ventricular septal defect NICE Guidance on Ventricular septal defect NHS PRODIGY Guidance FDA on Ventricular septal defect CDC on Ventricular septal defect
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [3] and Leida Perez, M.D.

Associate Editor-in-Chief: Keri Shafer, M.D. [4]

Please Join in Editing This Page and Apply to be an Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us [5] to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the entire topic or as an Associate Editor-In-Chief for a subtopic. Please be sure to attach your CV and or biographical sketch.

Overview

Epidemiology and Demographics

Anatomy

Pathophysiology

Genetics

Diagnosis

Treatment

Surgical technique for Repair of Perimembranous VSD

Post-operative Treatment

References

External Links for VSD

Acknowledgements and Initial Contributors to Page

Leida Perez, M.D. Redmond Burke M.D.

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Template:WikiDoc Sources

[Epstein-1] Epstein AE, DiMarco JP, Ellenbogen KA, Estes NAM III, Freedman RA, Gettes LS, Gillinov AM, Gregoratos G, Hammill SC, Hayes DL, Hlatky MA, Newby LK, Page RL, Schoenfeld MH, Silka MJ, Stevenson LW, Sweeney MO. ACC/AHA/HRS 2008 guidelines for device-based therapy of cardiac rhythm abnormalities: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the ACC/AHA/NASPE 2002 Guideline Update for Implantation of Cardiac Pacemakers and Antiarrhythmia Devices). Circulation. 2008; 117: 2820–2840. PMID 18483207

[1]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Infobox_Disease |
+  Name           = {{PAGENAME}} |
+  Caption        = Cross-section diagram of a normal human heart|
+  DiseasesDB     = 9820 |
+  ICD10          = {{ICD10|I|01|0|i|00}}, {{ICD10|I|09|2|i|05}}, {{ICD10|I|30||i|30}}-{{ICD10|I|32||i|30}} |
+  ICD9           = {{ICD9|420.90}} |
+  ICDO           = |
+  OMIM           = |
+  MedlinePlus    = 000182 |
+  eMedicineSubj  = med |
+  eMedicineTopic = 1781 |
+  eMedicine_mult = {{eMedicine2|emerg|412}} |
+  MeshName       = Ventricular septal defect |
+  MeshNumber     = C14.280.720 |
+}}
+{{Ventricular septal defect}}
+'''For patient information click [[Ventricular septal defect(patient information)|here]]'''
+{{CMG}}
+'''Associate Editors-In-Chief:''' [[User:KeriShafer|Keri Shafer, M.D.]] [mailto:kshafer@bidmc.harvard.edu]; Atif Mohammad, M.D., [[Priyamvada Singh]], [[MBBS]]
+===[[Ventricular septal defect diagram of ventricular septal defect | diagram of ventricular septal defect]]===
+===[[Ventricular septal defect overview | Overview]]===
+===[[Ventricular septal defect anatomy | Anatomy]]===
+===[[Ventricular septal defect pathophysiology | Pathophysiology]]===
+===[[Ventricular septal defect epidemiology and demographics | Epidemiology and demographics]]===
+===[[Ventricular septal defect natural history, complications and prognosis | Natural history, complications and prognosis]]===
+===[[Ventricular septal defect causes | Causes]]===
+===[[Ventricular septal defect differential diagnosis|Differential diagnosis]]===
+===[[Ventricular septal defect diagnosis|Diagnosis]]===
+===[[Ventricular septal defect history and symptoms|History and symptoms]]===
+===[[Ventricular septal defect lab studies|Lab studies]]===
+===[[Ventricular septal defect electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]]===
+===[[Ventricular septal defect chest xray|Chest xray]]===
+===[[Ventricular septal defect echocardiography|Echocardiography]]===
+===[[Ventricular septal defect other imaging findings|Other imaging findings]]===
+===Ventricular septal defect classification===
+[[Congenital heart disease septal]] |[[Congenital heart disease obstructive]]|[[Congenital heart disease cyanotic ]]
+===[[Ventricular septal defect treatment |Treatment]]===
+===[[Ventricular septal defect]]===
+===[[Ventricular septal defect prevention | Prevention]]===
+===[[Ventricular septal defect outcomes| Outcomes]]===
+==Pathological Findings==
+[http://www.peir.net Images courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology]
+<div align="left">
+<gallery heights="175" widths="175">
+Image:3240.jpg|Right Ventricle Hypoplasia: Gross natural color good example showing tiny tricuspid inlet and very small but quite thick right ventricle
+Image:3241.jpg|Right Ventricle Hypoplasia: Gross natural color view from right atrium showing patent foramen ovale and very small tricuspid valve
+Image:3242.jpg|Right Ventricle Hypoplasia: Gross natural color external view of heart showing very large left ventricle and very small right ventricle delineated by anterior descending branch of left coronary artery
+</gallery>
+</div>
+==External links==
+*[http://my.clevelandclinic.org/heart/webchat/adult_congenital_heart_disease_webchat_transcript.aspx Cleveland Clinic Webchat - Adult Congenital Heart Disease Webchat with Dr. Richard Krasuski.]
+*[http://my.clevelandclinic.org/heart/webchat/pettersson100307.aspx Cleveland Clinic Webchat - Adult Congenital Heart Disease Surgery Webchat with Dr. Gosta Pettersson.]
+*[http://www.itsmyheart.org  It's My Heart Advocating for and Supporting those affected by Congenital Heart Defects - US Non-Profit under section 501(c)3.]
+*[http://www.savinglittlehearts.com/ Saving Little Hearts]
+*[http://www.card-ag.org Card-AG, The Cardiologycal Working Group of the University Pediatric Clinic Munster]
+*[http://www.heartchest.org The Heart Chest]
+*[http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=1200000 American Heart Association]
+*[http://www.marchofdimes.com/professionals/681_1212.asp Congenital Heart Defect]
+*[http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/congenitalheartdisease.html Treating Congenital Heart Disease]
+*[http://www.bhf.org.uk/hearthealth/index.asp?secID=1&secondlevel=77&thirdlevel=362&artID=509 Coping with Congenital Heart Disease]
+*[http://fetus.ucsfmedicalcenter.org/heart/ Fetal Treatment for Congenital Heart Disease (UCSF Fetal Treatment Center)]
+*[http://www.eactscongenitaldb.org/ EACTS Congenital Database ― European database of cardiothoracic surgeries with publicly available reports]
+*[http://www.achaheart.org/ Adult Congenital Heart Association]
+*[http://www.tchin.org/  Congenital Heart Information Network ]
+*[http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/antenna/tickers/ Fixing Tiny Tickers - Fetal heart surgery]
+*[http://www.echocharity.org.uk/ Tiny Tickers - Antenatal congenital heart disease information]
+*[http://www.cardiacdiseases.org Cardiacdiseases.org]
+==Sources==
+* The ACC/AHA/HRS 2008 Guidelines for Device-Based Therapy of Cardiac Rhythm Abnormalities <ref name="Epstein"> Epstein AE, DiMarco JP, Ellenbogen KA, Estes NAM III, Freedman RA, Gettes LS, Gillinov AM, Gregoratos G, Hammill SC, Hayes DL, Hlatky MA, Newby LK, Page RL, Schoenfeld MH, Silka MJ, Stevenson LW, Sweeney MO. ACC/AHA/HRS 2008 guidelines for device-based therapy of cardiac rhythm abnormalities: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the ACC/AHA/NASPE 2002 Guideline Update for Implantation of Cardiac Pacemakers and Antiarrhythmia Devices). Circulation. 2008; 117: 2820–2840. PMID 18483207 </ref>
+==References==
+. [http://www.heartchest.org “The Heart Chest.” Non-profit Organization.]
+. [http://web7.infotrac.galegroup.com/itw/infomark/1/1/1/purl=rc6_HRCA “Congenital Heart Disease.” Clinical Reference Systems. McKesson Health Solutions LLC , 2004. pg 783. Health Reference Center-Academic. Accessed: 20 Feb. 2006.]
+. [http://web7.infotrac.galegroup.com/itw/infomark/1/1/1/purl=rc6_HRCA Jacob, Dawn A. “Patent Ductus Arteriosus.” Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine. 2001. Health Reference Center-Academic . Accessed: 20 Feb. 2006.]
+. [http://web7.infotrac.galegroup.com/itw/infomark/1/1/1/purl=rc6_HRCA Knopper, Melissa, and Teresa G Odle. “Congenital Heart Disease.” Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine. 2004. Health Reference Center-Academic . 20 Feb. 2006.]
+. [http://web7.infotrac.galegroup.com/itw/infomark/1/1/1/purl=rc6_HRCA Washington, Reginald L. “Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome.” Clinical Reference Systems. McKesson Health Solutions LLC , 2004. p 1724. Health Reference Center-Academic. Accessed: 20 Feb. 2006.]
+{{Reflist|2}}
+{{Congenital malformations and deformations of circulatory system}}
+{{SIB}}
+[[de:Herzfehler]]
+[[es:Cardiopatía congénita]]
+[[fr:Cardiopathie congénitale]]
+[[lv:Iedzimtās sirds slimības]]
+[[nn:Medfødd hjartefeil]]
+[[pl:Wada serca]]
+[[pt:Cardiopatia congênita]]
+[[sr:Урођене срчане мане]]
+[[uk:Вроджені вади серця]]
+[[wa:Maladeye des bleus påpåds]]
+[[tr:Doğumsal kalp hastalıkları]]
+[[Category:Cardiology]]
+[[Category:Congenital heart disease]]
+[[Category:Genetic Disease]]
+{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
+{{WikiDoc Sources}}
 {{Infobox_Disease |
    Name           = {{PAGENAME}} |

v t e Congenital malformations and deformations of circulatory system (Q20-Q28, 745-747)
Cardiac chambers and connections	Persistent truncus arteriosus - Double outlet right ventricle (Taussig-Bing syndrome) - Transposition of the great vessels (dextro, levo)
Cardiac septa	Ventricular septal defect - Atrial septal defect (Lutembacher's syndrome) - Atrioventricular septal defect (Ostium primum) - Tetralogy of Fallot - Eisenmenger's syndrome
Right: pulmonary and tricuspid valves	pulmonary valves (stenosis, insufficiency) - tricuspid valves (stenosis, atresia) - Ebstein's anomaly
Left: aortic and mitral valves	aortic valves (stenosis, insufficiency, bicuspid) - mitral valves (stenosis, regurgitation) - Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
Other congenital malformations of heart	Dextrocardia - Levocardia - Cor triatriatum
Great arteries	aorta (Patent ductus arteriosus, Aortic coarctation, Interrupted aortic arch, Overriding aorta, Aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva, Vascular ring) - Pulmonary atresia
Great veins	Persistent left superior vena cava - Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection - Scimitar syndrome
Other	Arteriovenous malformation (Cerebral arteriovenous malformation)
See also non-congenital conditions (I, 390-459)

v t e Congenital malformations and deformations of circulatory system (Q20-Q28, 745-747)
Cardiac chambers and connections	Persistent truncus arteriosus - Double outlet right ventricle (Taussig-Bing syndrome) - Transposition of the great vessels (dextro, levo)
Cardiac septa	Ventricular septal defect - Atrial septal defect (Lutembacher's syndrome) - Atrioventricular septal defect (Ostium primum) - Tetralogy of Fallot - Eisenmenger's syndrome
Right: pulmonary and tricuspid valves	pulmonary valves (stenosis, insufficiency) - tricuspid valves (stenosis, atresia) - Ebstein's anomaly
Left: aortic and mitral valves	aortic valves (stenosis, insufficiency, bicuspid) - mitral valves (stenosis, regurgitation) - Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
Other congenital malformations of heart	Dextrocardia - Levocardia - Cor triatriatum
Great arteries	aorta (Patent ductus arteriosus, Aortic coarctation, Interrupted aortic arch, Overriding aorta, Aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva, Vascular ring) - Pulmonary atresia
Great veins	Persistent left superior vena cava - Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection - Scimitar syndrome
Other	Arteriovenous malformation (Cerebral arteriovenous malformation)
See also non-congenital conditions (I, 390-459)

v t e Electrocardiography
Overview	History of the EKG • EKG interpretation basics • Normal sinus rhythm
EKG Complexes	P wave • QRS complex • ST Segment • T wave • T wave alternans • Tombstone T wave • U wave Osborn wave • H wave • K wave • Delta wave NSSTW changes
EKG Intervals	PR Interval • QRS Interval • ST Interval • QT Interval
Conduction System & Bradycardia	Cardiac pacemaker • SA node • AV node• Bundle of His • Purkinje fibers • Sinus bradycardia • First Degree AV Block • Second Degree AV Block • Complete or Third-Degree AV Block • Concealed conduction • AV Junctional Rhythms • LBBB • LAHB • LPHB • RBBB • Trifascicular block
Atrial Arrhythmias	Sinus tachycardia • Premature Atrial Contractions (PACs) • Ectopic Atrial Rhythm • Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia (PAT) • Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia (PAT) with Block • Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT) • Atrial Flutter • Atrial Fibrillation • Wandering atrial pacemaker
Ventricular Arrhythmias	Differential Diagnosis of Tachycardia with a Wide QRS Complex • Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm • Ventricular Parasystole • Premature Ventricular Contractions (PVCs) • Ventricular tachycardia • Ventricular Fibrillation • Sudden cardiac death
EKG Abnormalities in Disease States	Hypertrophy & Dilatation • Right atrial enlargement • Left atrial enlargement • Biatrial enlargement • Left Ventricular Hypertrophy • Right Ventricular Hypertrophy • Biventricular Hypertrophy • Acute myocardial infarction • NSTEMI • STEMI • Tombstone ST elevation • Right ventricular myocardial infarction • Atrial infarction Pre-excitation Syndromes • Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome • Lown Ganong Levine Syndrome • Mahaim Type Preexcitation Cardiomyopathies • Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia • Dilated Cardiomyopathy • Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Drug Effects on the EKG • Adenosine • β-blockers • Digitalis • Quinidine • Procainamide • Disopyramide • Lidocaine • Tocainide and Mexiletine • Phenytoin • Encainide, Flecainide and Propafenone • Amiodarone • Bretylium • Ca Channel Blockers • Phenothiazines • Tricyclic Antidepressants • Lithium Congenital Heart Disease • Dextrocardia • Atrial Septal Defect • Ventricular Septal Defect • Tetralogy of Fallot • Conjoined Twins or Siamese Twins • Congenital heart block Electrolyte Disturbances • Hyperkalemia • Hypokalemia • Hypercalcemia • Hypocalcemia • Nonspecific Changes Other Heart Diseases • Pericarditis • Myocarditis • Tamponade • Heart Transplantation • Sick Sinus Syndrome • Long QT Syndrome Inherited Disease • Brugada Syndrome Systemic Diseases • CNS Disease • Cardiac Tumors Heart Transplantation • EKG Changes in patient with Heart Transplantation Exogenous Effects • Hypothermia • Chest Trauma • Insect Bites • Electric Injuries
Technical Issues and Potential Errors in Interpretation	Artifacts • Lead Placement Errors • The EKG in a Patient with a Pacemaker • EKG in athletes

Ventricular septal defect: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 19:43, 5 July 2011

Contents

diagram of ventricular septal defect

Overview

Anatomy

Pathophysiology

Epidemiology and demographics

Natural history, complications and prognosis

Causes

Differential diagnosis

Diagnosis

History and symptoms

Lab studies

Electrocardiogram

Chest xray

Echocardiography

Other imaging findings

Ventricular septal defect classification

Treatment