Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection classification

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2]

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Classification

Darling et al described a common classification system for total anomalous venous connection (TAPVC). According to this classification TAPVC is classified as:

• Supracardiac
• Cardiac
• Infracardiac
• Mixed

In the supracardiac variety of TAPVC the common pulmonary vein drains superiorly into the innominate vein or superior vena cava via an ascending vertical vein. This is the most common type of TAPVC and it accounts for upto 45% of all cases.

In the cardiac variety the common pulmonray vein drains into the coronary sinus or rarely the individual pulmonary veins connect directly into the right atrium. This type is seen in 25% of all cases of TAPVC.

Infracardiac TAPVC occurs in approximately 25% of patients. IN this type the common pulmonary vein drains through the diaphragm into the portal vein or ductus venosus via a descending vertical vein.

The mixed variety accounts for 5% of the total number of cases.

Another system classifies TAPVC into two types, obstructed and non-obstructed.

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