Sickle-cell disease history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | |||
A vaso-occlusive crisis is caused by sickle-shaped red blood cells that obstruct capillaries and restrict blood flow to an organ, resulting in [[ischemia]], [[Pain and nociception|pain]], and organ damage. | |||
Because of its narrow vessels and function in clearing defective red blood cells, the [[spleen]] is frequently affected. It is usually [[infarction|infarcted]] before the end of childhood in individuals suffering from sickle-cell anemia. This [[autosplenectomy]] increases the risk of infection from [[encapsulated organisms]];<ref>{{cite journal |author=Pearson H |title=Sickle cell anemia and severe infections due to encapsulated bacteria |journal=J Infect Dis |volume=136 Suppl |issue= |pages=S25-30 |year= |pmid=330779}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Wong W, Powars D, Chan L, Hiti A, Johnson C, Overturf G |title=Polysaccharide encapsulated bacterial infection in sickle cell anemia: a thirty year epidemiologic experience |journal=Am J Hematol |volume=39 |issue=3 |pages=176-82 |year=1992 |pmid=1546714}}</ref> preventive antibiotics and vaccinations are recommended for those with such [[asplenia]]. | |||
[[Bone]]s, especially weight-bearing bones, are also a common target of vaso-occlusive damage. This is due to bone ischemia. | |||
A recognised type of sickle crisis is the ''acute chest crisis'', a condition characterised by fever, chest pain, hard breathing, and pulmonary infiltrate on chest X-ray. Given that pneumonia and intrapulmonary sickling can both produce these symptoms, the patient is treated for both conditions. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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Revision as of 13:21, 29 August 2012
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
A vaso-occlusive crisis is caused by sickle-shaped red blood cells that obstruct capillaries and restrict blood flow to an organ, resulting in ischemia, pain, and organ damage.
Because of its narrow vessels and function in clearing defective red blood cells, the spleen is frequently affected. It is usually infarcted before the end of childhood in individuals suffering from sickle-cell anemia. This autosplenectomy increases the risk of infection from encapsulated organisms;[1][2] preventive antibiotics and vaccinations are recommended for those with such asplenia.
Bones, especially weight-bearing bones, are also a common target of vaso-occlusive damage. This is due to bone ischemia.
A recognised type of sickle crisis is the acute chest crisis, a condition characterised by fever, chest pain, hard breathing, and pulmonary infiltrate on chest X-ray. Given that pneumonia and intrapulmonary sickling can both produce these symptoms, the patient is treated for both conditions.
References
- ↑ Pearson H. "Sickle cell anemia and severe infections due to encapsulated bacteria". J Infect Dis. 136 Suppl: S25–30. PMID 330779.
- ↑ Wong W, Powars D, Chan L, Hiti A, Johnson C, Overturf G (1992). "Polysaccharide encapsulated bacterial infection in sickle cell anemia: a thirty year epidemiologic experience". Am J Hematol. 39 (3): 176–82. PMID 1546714.