Schistosomiasis epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions

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===Geographic Disrtubution===
===Geographic Disrtubution===
*The disease is found in [[Tropics|tropical]] countries in [[Africa]], the [[Caribbean]], eastern [[South America]], [[Southeast Asia]] and in the [[Middle East]]. *''[[Schistosoma mansoni]]'' is found in parts of South America and the Caribbean, Africa, and the Middle East; ''S. haematobium'' in Africa and the Middle East; and ''S. japonicum'' in the [[Far East]].
*The disease is found in [[Tropics|tropical]] countries in [[Africa]], the [[Caribbean]], eastern [[South America]], [[Southeast Asia]] and in the [[Middle East]].
* ''[[Schistosoma mansoni]]'' is found in parts of South America and the Caribbean, Africa, and the Middle East; ''S. haematobium'' in Africa and the Middle East; and ''S. japonicum'' in the [[Far East]].
*''S. mekongi'' and ''S. intercalatum'' are found locally in [[Southeast Asia]] and central [[West Africa]], respectively.
*''S. mekongi'' and ''S. intercalatum'' are found locally in [[Southeast Asia]] and central [[West Africa]], respectively.
*The disease is endemic in 74-76 developing countries,{{Verify source|November 2009|date=November 2009}} infecting more than 207&nbsp;million people, 85% of whom live in Africa.<ref name="OliveiraRodrigues2004">{{cite journal|last1=Oliveira|first1=Guilherme|last2=Rodrigues|first2=Nilton B|last3=Romanha|first3=Alvaro J|last4=Bahia|first4=Diana|title=Genome and genomics of schistosomes|journal=Canadian Journal of Zoology|volume=82|issue=2|year=2004|pages=375–390|issn=0008-4301|doi=10.1139/z03-220}}</ref>
*The disease is endemic in 74-76 developing countries,{{Verify source|November 2009|date=November 2009}} infecting more than 207&nbsp;million people, 85% of whom live in Africa.<ref name="OliveiraRodrigues2004">{{cite journal|last1=Oliveira|first1=Guilherme|last2=Rodrigues|first2=Nilton B|last3=Romanha|first3=Alvaro J|last4=Bahia|first4=Diana|title=Genome and genomics of schistosomes|journal=Canadian Journal of Zoology|volume=82|issue=2|year=2004|pages=375–390|issn=0008-4301|doi=10.1139/z03-220}}</ref>

Revision as of 16:30, 10 August 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

More than 600 million persons are exposed to Schistosoma parasites, 200 million persons are infected, and 20 million symptomatic cases of schistosomiasis are reported worldwide. All age groups are vulnerable to Schistosoma infection, but school-aged children and adolescents living in endemic areas tend to have the highest intensity of disease. There is no racial predilection to schistosomiasis. Schistosomiasis affects men and women equally.

Epidemiology

Incidence and prevalence

More than 600 million persons are exposed to Schistosoma parasites, 200 million persons are infected, and 20 million symptomatic cases of schistosomiasis are reported worldwide

Demographics

Age

Patients of all age groups may develop schistosomiasis, but school-aged children and adolescents living in endemic areas tend to have the highest intensity of disease.[1]

Race

There is no racial predilection to schistosomiasis.

Gender

Schistosomiasis affects men and women equally.

Geographic Disrtubution

Organ involved Species Geographical distribution
Intestinal schistosomiasis Schistosoma mansoni Africa, the Middle East, the Caribbean, Brazil, Venezuela and Suriname
Schistosoma japonicum China, Indonesia, the Philippines
Schistosoma mekongi Several districts of Cambodia and the Lao People’s Democratic Republic
Schistosoma guineensis

S. intercalatum

Rain forest areas of central Africa
Urogenital schistosomiasis Schistoma haematobium Africa, the Middle East, Corsica (France)

References

  1. Weerakoon KG, Gobert GN, Cai P, McManus DP (2015). "Advances in the Diagnosis of Human Schistosomiasis". Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 28 (4): 939–67. doi:10.1128/CMR.00137-14. PMC 4548261. PMID 26224883.
  2. Oliveira, Guilherme; Rodrigues, Nilton B; Romanha, Alvaro J; Bahia, Diana (2004). "Genome and genomics of schistosomes". Canadian Journal of Zoology. 82 (2): 375–390. doi:10.1139/z03-220. ISSN 0008-4301.