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TRICUSPID ATRESIA

Tricuspid atresia is the third common cyanotic congenital heart disease in which the non oxygenate blood can not flow from right artrium to right ventricle due to non development or agenesia of tricuspid valve. Right ventricle is small and pulmonary artery sometimes has stenosis.

Majority of infants with die in the first year of life without surgery. ASD or PFO,VSD,PDA are necessary for the blood flowing from right atrium to left system and with out them the infants will not survive.

historical perspective

Tricuspid atresia was first discovered by friedrich ludwig kreysig in 1817, a german physician who found the obstruction between right atrium and right ventricle in tricuspid valve. The classic term of tricuspid atresia was used firstly by schuberg in 1861.

pathophysiology

Inferior vena cava and superior vena cava collect venous non oxygenate blood into right atrium. Through ASD blood reach to left atrium and finally flow into left ventricle and via aorta artery goes into the rest of body. This blood is the mixture of saturated and unsaturated oxygen. If there is VSD, this mixed blood in left ventricle come into right ventricle via VSD , then via pulmonary artery flows into pulmonary bed and becomes oxygenate ,then returns back into left atrium with pulmonary venous oxygenate blood . In presence of PDA, the mixed blood in aora flow from this passage into pulmonary artery and pulmonary bed.

In presence of pulmonary stenosis and normal positioning of great arteries cyanosis will increase by increasing the right to left shunt in level of VSD. There are two types of great arterie positioning . In discordance VA connection or DTGA, pulmonary artery arises from left ventricle and aorta arises from right ventricle. The blood flows via ASD into right atrium and right ventricle and pulmonary artery and pulmonary bed . Aorta comes from the right ventricle and

In LTGA, the blood goes through ASD to

Classification[edit | edit source]

• [Disease name] may be classified according to [classification method] into [number] subtypes/groups:

• [group1]
• [group2]
• [group3]

• Other variants of [disease name] include [disease subtype 1], [disease subtype 2], and [disease subtype 3].

Differentiating tricuspid atresia from other Diseases

• Tricuspid atresia must be differentiated from other diseases that cause lung olygemia and cyanosis , such as

• TS
• PS
• ASD