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| <ref name="pmid8919685">{{cite journal |vauthors=Guigoz Y, Vellas B, Garry PJ |title=Assessing the nutritional status of the elderly: The Mini Nutritional Assessment as part of the geriatric evaluation |journal=Nutr. Rev. |volume=54 |issue=1 Pt 2 |pages=S59–65 |date=January 1996 |pmid=8919685 |doi=10.1111/j.1753-4887.1996.tb03793.x |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid31330781">{{cite journal |vauthors=Reber E, Gomes F, Vasiloglou MF, Schuetz P, Stanga Z |title=Nutritional Risk Screening and Assessment |journal=J Clin Med |volume=8 |issue=7 |pages= |date=July 2019 |pmid=31330781 |pmc=6679209 |doi=10.3390/jcm8071065 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid12880610">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kondrup J, Allison SP, Elia M, Vellas B, Plauth M |title=ESPEN guidelines for nutrition screening 2002 |journal=Clin Nutr |volume=22 |issue=4 |pages=415–21 |date=August 2003 |pmid=12880610 |doi=10.1016/s0261-5614(03)00098-0 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9673603">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gazewood JD, Mehr DR |title=Diagnosis and management of weight loss in the elderly |journal=J Fam Pract |volume=47 |issue=1 |pages=19–25 |date=July 1998 |pmid=9673603 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
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| {{familytree/start |summary=Weight loss Management Algorithm.}}
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| {{familytree | | | | | | | | | | Z01 | | | | | | | |Z01=<div style="float: left; text-align: left; width: 20em; padding:1em;">'''History'''<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br>
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| ❑ '''Source of history''':<br> [[Patient]] or well-informed caregiver ([[elderly]] may be unaware or deny weight loss).<br>
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| ❑ '''[[Patient]] [[age]]''':<br> Helps determine age-specific causes, such as [[malignancy]] among the elderly.<br>
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| ❑ '''Duration of [[symptoms]]''':<br> (weeks in [[acute]]/severe versus years in [[chronic]] conditions).<br>
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| ❑ '''Associated [[symptoms]]''':<br> Assess if the [[patient]] is [[Nausea|nauseated]] or [[vomiting]]/ [[anorexia]]/ [[dysphagia]]/ [[odynophagia]]/ social reasons hindering food supply.<br>
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| ❑ '''Nutritional status''':<br>
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| :❑ Dietary history: Food availability, diet adequacy in the quantity (daily caloric intake), and quality (balance of nutrition), and nutritional supplements.<br>
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| :❑ Weight measurement records or best estimate of weight loss accessed by clothing size. <br>
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| :❑ Mini Nutritional Assessment: To assess the nutritional risk among the elderly.<br>
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| :❑ Assess the mental and functional status of the [[patient]].<br>
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| :❑ Psychiatric illness screening. Geriatric Depression Scale may be utilized to assess for [[depression]] among elderly.<br>
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| ❑ '''Systemic review''':<br> Assess for [[cardiovascular system|cardiovascular]], [[respiratory system|respiratory]], [[renal system|renal]], [[hepatic system|hepatic]], and [[rheumatologic system]].<br>
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| ❑ '''Past medical history''':<br> Helps assess the nutritional status. May suggest of [[immunodeficiency]] (recurrent [[infections]]), diagnosed [[malignancy]], [[malabsorption]] (chronic [[diarrhea]]), [[HF]], [[dyspepsia]]. <br>
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| ❑ '''Past surgical history''':<br> Helps assess nutritional status.<br>
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| ❑ '''Medication history''': Assess the use of medications known to cause [[weight loss]]. [[Polypharmacy]] may cause [[anorexia]] or altered taste.
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| ❑ '''Family history''':<br> Certain malignant disorders ([[breast cancer]], [[ovarian cancer]], [[colon cancer]], or [[stomach cancer]]))<br>
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| ❑ '''Social history''':<br> [[Tobacco]], alcohol use, [[opioid]], [[cocaine]] use<br>
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| ❑ '''Sexual history''':<br> Suggestive of [[HIV AIDS history and symptoms|HIV AIDS]]<br>
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| ❑ '''Exposure''': Communicable [[infectious disease]]s/ travel to high-risk areas<br>}}
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| {{familytree | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | }}
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| {{familytree | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | }}
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| {{familytree | | | | | | | | | | M01 | | | | | | | M01=<div style="float: left; text-align: left; width: 20em; padding:1em;">'''[[Physical exam]]'''<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br>'''Appearance of the [[patient]]'''<br>[[Cachexia]] or surgical scar marks demonstrating previous malignancy treatment<br>
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| ❑ [[Vital signs]]<br>
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| :❑ [[Temperature]]: High-grade / low-grade fever may demonstrate [[infection]]. <br>
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| :❑ [[Heart rate]]: [[Tachycardia]] with regular pulse may demonstrate [[infection]]. <br>
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| :❑ [[Respiratory rate]]: [[Tachypnea]] may demonstrate [[respiratory system]] involvement ([[infection]]\ [[metastasis]]).<br>
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| :❑ [[Blood pressure]]: [[Chronic hypertension]] or [[hypotension]] (may indicate [[sepsis]] as a complication).<br>
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| :❑ [[Oxygen saturation]]: may be low if the [[respiratory system]] is affected.<br>
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| ❑ HEENT<br>
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| ❑ [[Cardiovascular examination]]<br>
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| ❑ [[Respiratory examination]]<br>
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| ❑ [[Gastrointestinal system]] exam includes [[oral examination]], [[abdominal examination]], and [[digital rectal exam]]. <br>
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| :❑ [[Splenomegaly]]) may demonstrate [[infectious mononucleosis|IM]], [[Hodgkin's lymphoma|hodgkin's]]/ [[non-Hodgkin's lymphoma]], and [[sarcoidosis]]<br>
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| ❑ [[Limb (anatomy)|Extremities]] exam<br>
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| ❑ Skin exam: Evaluate for the lesions that indicate [[malignancy]] such as [[melanoma]]/ potential inoculation sites for germ such as traumatic lesions.}}
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| {{familytree | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | |}}
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| {{familytree | | | | | | | | | | U01 | | | | | | | U01='''Labs'''<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div style="float: left; text-align: left; width: 20em; padding:1em;">
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| ❑ [[CBC]] with differential<br>
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| ❑ [[ESR]]<br>
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| ❑ [[CMP]]<br>
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| ❑ [[Peripheral smaer]]<br>
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| ❑ [[Liver function tests|LFTs]]<br>
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| *''Labs may be required at a later stage pf diagnosis''}}
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| {{familytree | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | |}}
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| {{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}
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| {{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}
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| {{familytree/end}}
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