Rhizopus: Difference between revisions

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style="background:#Template:Taxobox colour;"\|Template:Taxobox name
	Schematic diagram of Rhizopus spp.; Schematic diagram of Rhizopus spp.
style="background:#Template:Taxobox colour;" \| Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Fungi;
Division:	Zygomycota;
Class:	Mucormycotina;
Order:	Mucorales;
Family:	Mucoraceae;
Genus:	Rhizopus; Ehrenb. (1820)
Type species
	Rhizopus nigricans; Ehrenb. (1820)
Synonyms
	Crinofera Nieuwl. (1916); Pilophora Wallr. (1833)

VisualWikitext

Latest revision as of 14:53, 9 August 2012

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Rhizopus is a genus of common saprobic fungi on plants and specialized parasites on animals. They are found on a wide variety of organic substrates, including "mature fruits and vegetables", faeces, jellies, syrups, leather, bread, peanuts and tobacco. Some Rhizopus species are opportunistic agents of human zygomycosis (fungal infection) and can be fatal. Rhizopus infections are also an associated complication of diabetic ketoacidosis. The widespread genus contains about nine species.

Rhizopus reproduces by vegetative, asexual and sexual methods by spores. The asexual sporangiospores are produced inside a pinhead-like structure, the sporangium, and are genetically identical to their parent. In Rhizopus, the sporangia are supported by a large apophysate columella, and the sporangiophores arise among distinctive rhizoids. Dark zygospores are produced after two compatible mycelia fuse during sexual reproduction producing colonies that may be genetically different from their parents.

R. arrhizus causes fruit rot on apples.
R. artocarpi causes fruit drop on jack fruit.
R. nigricans is a common bread mold.
R. oligosporus is used to make tempeh, a fermented food derived from soybeans.
R. oryzae is used in the production of alcoholic beverages in parts of Asia and Africa.
R. stolonifer (black bread mold) causes fruit rot on strawberry, tomato, and sweet potato and used in commercial production of fumaric acid and cortisone.

Species

Plant body or mycelium

The plant body of rhizopus is known as mycelium.It is made up of long tubular branched thread or filament like structure called hyphae.The mycelium can be distinguished into three types of hyphae namely

stolons
rhizoids
Sporangiospores

References

External links

Rhizopus at Zygomycetes.org
Photos of Rhizopus spp. used for tempeh-making at www.tempeh.idv.tw

Template:Fungus-stub

ca:Rhizopus de:Rhizopus it:Rhizopus th:Rhizopus

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 {{CMG}}
 ==Overview==
-'''''Rhizopus''''' is a [[genus]] of common [[saprobic]] fungi on plants and specialized [[parasitism|parasites]] on animals. They are found on a wide variety of organic substrates, including "mature fruits and vegetables",<ref name=Kirk2001/> faeces, jellies, syrups, leather, bread, peanuts and tobacco. Some ''Rhizopus'' species are [[opportunistic infection|opportunistic]] agents of human [[zygomycosis]] (fungal infection) and can be fatal. Rhizopus infections are also an associated complication of diabetic [[ketoacidosis]].<ref name=Chinn1982/> The widespread genus contains about nine species.<ref name=Kirk2008/>
+'''''Rhizopus''''' is a [[genus]] of common [[saprobic]] fungi on plants and specialized [[parasitism|parasites]] on animals. They are found on a wide variety of organic substrates, including "mature fruits and vegetables", faeces, jellies, syrups, leather, bread, peanuts and tobacco. Some ''Rhizopus'' species are [[opportunistic infection|opportunistic]] agents of human [[zygomycosis]] (fungal infection) and can be fatal. Rhizopus infections are also an associated complication of diabetic [[ketoacidosis]]. The widespread genus contains about nine species.
 ''Rhizopus'' reproduces by vegetative, asexual and sexual methods by spores. The asexual [[sporangiospore]]s are produced inside a pinhead-like structure, the [[sporangium]], and are genetically identical to their parent. In ''Rhizopus'', the sporangia are supported by a large [[apophysate]] [[columella]], and the sporangiophores arise among distinctive rhizoids. Dark [[zygospore]]s are produced after two compatible [[mycelium|mycelia]] fuse during sexual reproduction producing colonies that may be genetically different from their parents.