Q fever history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Ahmed Younes (talk | contribs) |
Ahmed Younes (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}} | ||
{{Q fever}} | {{Q fever}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Acute Q fever presents with flu like symptoms, pneumonia and hepatitis. Chronic Q fever almost always presents with endocarditis and sometimes gives musculoskeletal and vascular manifestations. | Acute Q fever presents with [[Flu|flu like symptoms]], [[pneumonia]] and [[hepatitis]]. Chronic Q fever almost always presents with [[endocarditis]] and sometimes gives [[musculoskeletal]] and [[vascular]] manifestations. | ||
==History and symptoms== | ==History and symptoms== | ||
| Line 27: | Line 28: | ||
*[[Right upper quadrant pain|Abdominal right upper quadrant pain]] | *[[Right upper quadrant pain|Abdominal right upper quadrant pain]] | ||
*[[Jaundice]] | *[[Jaundice]] | ||
*GI symptoms as [[nausea]], [[malaise]], [[vomiting]], [[diarrhea]] and [[bloating]]. | *[[Gastrointestinal tract|GI]] symptoms as [[nausea]], [[malaise]], [[vomiting]], [[diarrhea]] and [[bloating]]. | ||
====Rare acute Q fever symptoms:==== | ====Rare acute Q fever symptoms:==== | ||
| Line 46: | Line 47: | ||
====Dermatologic findings:==== | ====Dermatologic findings:==== | ||
*[[Maculopapular rash]] | *[[Maculopapular rash]] | ||
*Diffuse punctate rash | *[[Rash|Diffuse punctate rash]] | ||
*[[Erythema nodosum]] | *[[Erythema nodosum]] | ||
====Q fever during pregnancy:==== | ====Q fever during pregnancy:==== | ||
Most [[Coxiella burnetii|C. brutenii]] infection during pregnancy pass [[asymptomatic]] but in rare cases it can be complicated with: | |||
*[[Intrauterine growth retardation|Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR)]]<ref name="pmid9770161">{{cite journal |vauthors=Stein A, Raoult D |title=Q fever during pregnancy: a public health problem in southern France |journal=Clin. Infect. Dis. |volume=27 |issue=3 |pages=592–6 |year=1998 |pmid=9770161 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | *[[Intrauterine growth retardation|Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR)]]<ref name="pmid9770161">{{cite journal |vauthors=Stein A, Raoult D |title=Q fever during pregnancy: a public health problem in southern France |journal=Clin. Infect. Dis. |volume=27 |issue=3 |pages=592–6 |year=1998 |pmid=9770161 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) | *Intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) | ||
* | *[[Abortion]] | ||
Infection during [[first trimester]] and [[placental]] infection are associated with increased risk of fetal compromise. | Infection during [[first trimester]] and [[placental]] infection are associated with increased risk of fetal compromise. | ||
| Line 72: | Line 73: | ||
====Skeletal manifestations:==== | ====Skeletal manifestations:==== | ||
*Bone and joint infections are common manifestations of chronic Q fever. | *[[Bone]] and [[joint]] infections are common manifestations of chronic Q fever. | ||
*Presents with: | *Presents with: | ||
**[[Low-grade fever|Low grade fever]] | **[[Low-grade fever|Low grade fever]] | ||
| Line 84: | Line 85: | ||
====Hepatic manifestations:==== | ====Hepatic manifestations:==== | ||
*[[Hepatic fibrosis|Liver fibrosis]] or [[cirrhosis]] presents with symptoms of chronic hepatic decompensation (e.g [[jaundice]], [[abdominal pain]], [[fatigue]], etc) | *[[Hepatic fibrosis|Liver fibrosis]] or [[cirrhosis]] presents with symptoms of chronic [[Hepatic failure|hepatic decompensation]] (e.g [[jaundice]], [[abdominal pain]], [[fatigue]], etc) | ||
====Chronic fatigue syndrome:==== | ====Chronic fatigue syndrome:==== | ||
Revision as of 19:21, 12 June 2017
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
|
Q fever Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Q fever history and symptoms On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Q fever history and symptoms |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Q fever history and symptoms |
Overview
Acute Q fever presents with flu like symptoms, pneumonia and hepatitis. Chronic Q fever almost always presents with endocarditis and sometimes gives musculoskeletal and vascular manifestations.
History and symptoms
- Q fever can present with a wide variety of symptoms related to multiple organs involved. Q fever can be classified into acute and chronic based on the onset of symptoms.[1][2]
- Incubation period is usually 2 to 3 weeks.
Acute Q fever:
Flu like symptoms:
The most common manifestation is flu-like symptoms with abrupt onset of:
- High grade fever: Fever is usually accompanied by chills and sweats[3]
- Headaches: retrobulbar and associated with photophobia
- Arthralgias
Pneumonia:
Usually mild and accidentally discovered on X rays
- If accompanied by a cough, cough is dry and nonproductive.[4]
- Dyspnea
- Pleuritic chest pain
- Rarely progresses to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) which can be life threatening.
Hepatitis:
- Abdominal right upper quadrant pain
- Jaundice
- GI symptoms as nausea, malaise, vomiting, diarrhea and bloating.
Rare acute Q fever symptoms:
Pericarditis and myocarditis:
- Myocarditis is rare but carries a bad prognosis[5]
- Chest pain
- Dyspnea
- Palpitation
Neurologic findings:
- Q fever can present with meningoencephalitis
- Headache
- Confusion
- Seizures
Dermatologic findings:
Q fever during pregnancy:
Most C. brutenii infection during pregnancy pass asymptomatic but in rare cases it can be complicated with:
- Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR)[6]
- Intrauterine fetal death (IUFD)
- Abortion
Infection during first trimester and placental infection are associated with increased risk of fetal compromise.
Chronic Q fever:
Chronic Q fever, characterized by infection that persists for more than 6 months is uncommon but is a much more serious disease. Patients who have had acute Q fever may develop the chronic form as soon as 1 year or as long as 20 years after initial infection.[2]
Endocarditis:
Endocarditis is the main manifestation of Q fever.
- Characterized by being culture negative endocarditis
- Patients who are predisposed to endocarditis include patients with valvular lesions, prosthetic valves and immunocompromised patients
- Presents with:
Skeletal manifestations:
- Bone and joint infections are common manifestations of chronic Q fever.
- Presents with:
- Low grade fever
- Bone and joint pain as in chronic osteomyelitis
Vascular lesions:
- Usually in previously affected vessel (e.g. aneurysm)
Cardiopulmonary affection:
- Chronic pleural or pericardial effusion and Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis present with dyspnea and fatigue.
Hepatic manifestations:
- Liver fibrosis or cirrhosis presents with symptoms of chronic hepatic decompensation (e.g jaundice, abdominal pain, fatigue, etc)
Chronic fatigue syndrome:
- Presents in up to 10% of chronic Q fever patients.
References
- ↑ Ishikawa H, Maeda H, Takamatsu H, Saito Y (1979). "Systemic hyalinosis (juvenile hyaline fibromatosis). Ultrastructure of the hyaline with particular reference to the cross-banded structure". Arch. Dermatol. Res. 265 (2): 195–206. PMID 88923.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Choyce DP (1992). "Anterior chamber lens exchange". J Cataract Refract Surg. 18 (5): 537. PMID 1489455.
- ↑ Hartzell JD, Wood-Morris RN, Martinez LJ, Trotta RF (2008). "Q fever: epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment". Mayo Clin. Proc. 83 (5): 574–9. doi:10.4065/83.5.574. PMID 18452690.
- ↑ Sobradillo V, Ansola P, Baranda F, Corral C (1989). "Q fever pneumonia: a review of 164 community-acquired cases in the Basque country". Eur. Respir. J. 2 (3): 263–6. PMID 2731605.
- ↑ Derrick EH (1983). ""Q" fever, a new fever entity: clinical features, diagnosis and laboratory investigation". Rev. Infect. Dis. 5 (4): 790–800. PMID 6622891.
- ↑ Stein A, Raoult D (1998). "Q fever during pregnancy: a public health problem in southern France". Clin. Infect. Dis. 27 (3): 592–6. PMID 9770161.