Parotitis pathophysiology: Difference between revisions

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*Upon replication, [[viremia]] occurs for three to five days, spreading to the [[salivary glands]].<ref name="pmid25229387">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rubin S, Eckhaus M, Rennick LJ, Bamford CG, Duprex WP |title=Molecular biology, pathogenesis and pathology of mumps virus |journal=J. Pathol. |volume=235 |issue=2 |pages=242–52 |year=2015 |pmid=25229387 |pmc=4268314 |doi=10.1002/path.4445 |url=}}</ref>
*Upon replication, [[viremia]] occurs for three to five days, spreading to the [[salivary glands]].<ref name="pmid25229387">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rubin S, Eckhaus M, Rennick LJ, Bamford CG, Duprex WP |title=Molecular biology, pathogenesis and pathology of mumps virus |journal=J. Pathol. |volume=235 |issue=2 |pages=242–52 |year=2015 |pmid=25229387 |pmc=4268314 |doi=10.1002/path.4445 |url=}}</ref>
*Parotitis results from the [[inflammatory]] response the the presence of [[mumps]] [[virus]] in the [[salivary glands]].
*Parotitis results from the [[inflammatory]] response the the presence of [[mumps]] [[virus]] in the [[salivary glands]].
===Bacterial Parotitis===
*[[Bacterial]] parotitis is most commonly caused by [[Staphylococcus aureus]], a gram-positive [[coccal]] bacterium often found in the [[respiratory tract]].
*[[Staphylococcus aureus]]


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 21:23, 1 March 2016

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.

Overview

Acute infection can occur in any salivary gland but the most commonly affected one is the parotid. This is thought to be due to a combination of anatomic and physiologic factors. The saliva from the parotid is less mucoid than that from the other salivary glands. IgA, lysozyme and sialic acid are all found in smaller amounts in the more viscous parotid secretions. These substances are thought to help fight off ascending bacterial infection. Bacterial parotitis is generally unilateral in adults (75-90%), while viral is generally bilateral. Though 80-90% of salivary calculi occur in the Wharton’s duct of the submandibular gland, the parotid remains the most common site of acute suppurative salivary infection. The secretions from the submandibular gland are more alkaline, thought to result in a higher concentration of insoluble calcium phosphate.

Pathogenesis

Viral Parotitis

Bacterial Parotitis

References

  1. Conly J, Johnston B (2007). "Is mumps making a comeback?". Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol. 18 (1): 7–9. PMC 2542890. PMID 18923686.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Rubin S, Eckhaus M, Rennick LJ, Bamford CG, Duprex WP (2015). "Molecular biology, pathogenesis and pathology of mumps virus". J. Pathol. 235 (2): 242–52. doi:10.1002/path.4445. PMC 4268314. PMID 25229387.

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