Osteoporosis history and symptoms: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
Osteoporosis, actually has not any acute symptoms, until the patient experiences an osteoporotic [[fracture]]. The hallmark symptom of osteoporotic [[fracture]] is [[bone pain]]. Following osteoporotic [[fractures]], the major signs appeared, gradually; which include immobility, [[bed sores]], shortness of height, and stooped [[posture]].
Osteoporosis is usually asymptomatic, until the patient experiences an osteoporotic [[fracture]]. The hallmark symptom of osteoporotic [[fracture]] is [[bone pain]]. Following osteoporotic [[fractures]], the major signs appear gradually, which include immobility, [[bed sores]] (in some cases), shortness of height, and stooped [[posture]].


== History and symptoms ==
== History and symptoms ==
The majority of patients with osteoporosis are asymptomatic, especially in early stages. Gradually, when [[bone mineral density]] loss is intensified (i.e., [[postmenopausal]] or elderly), the main symptoms could be seen; which usually includes of [[bone pain]] and [[weakness]]. After a while, when [[osteoporosis]] becomes severe, the [[fractures]] happen. Then, the major signs of [[fractures]] appeared.
Osteoporosis is usually asymptomatic, until the patient experiences an osteoporotic [[fracture]]. The hallmark symptom of osteoporotic [[fracture]] is [[bone pain]]. Following osteoporotic [[fractures]], the major signs appear gradually, which include immobility, [[bed sores]] (in some cases), shortness of height, and stooped [[posture]].


=== History ===
=== History ===
Patients with [[osteoporosis]] may have a history of:
Patients with [[osteoporosis]] may have a history of:
* [[Menopause]] (females)
* [[Menopause]]
* [[Immobility]]
* [[Immobility]]
* [[Calcium deficiency]]
* [[Calcium deficiency]]
* Chronic [[corticosteroid]] use
* Chronic [[corticosteroid]] use
* Chronic [[vitamin D deficiency]]
* Chronic [[vitamin D deficiency]]
* [[Hyperparathyroidism|Hyper]]/[[hypoparathyroidism]]
* [[Hyperparathyroidism|Hyperparathyroidism]] or [[hypoparathyroidism]]
* Decreased sunlight exposure


===Common Symptoms===
===Common Symptoms===
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=== Less common symptoms ===
=== Less common symptoms ===
Other symptoms occurring late in the osteoporotic [[fracture]], may include:
Other symptoms occurring late in the osteoporotic [[fracture]], may include:
* [[Bone]] pain with localized [[tenderness]]
* Shortening of height (as much as 6 inches) over time
* Shortening of height (as much as 6 inches) over time
* Low [[back pain]] due to [[vertebral]] [[bones]] [[fractures]], often with [[Radiculopathy|radiculopathic pain]] (shooting pain due to compression or retraction of a [[nerve]]); rarely, with [[spinal cord compression]] or [[cauda equina syndrome]]<ref>{{cite journal |author=Kim DH, Vaccaro AR |title=Osteoporotic compression fractures of the spine; current options and considerations for treatment |journal=The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society |volume=6 |issue=5 |pages=479–87 |year=2006 |pmid=16934715 |doi=10.1016/j.spinee.2006.04.013}}</ref>
* Low [[back pain]] due to [[vertebral]] [[bones|bone]] [[fractures]], often with [[Radiculopathy|radiculopathic pain]] (shooting pain due to compression or retraction of a [[nerve]]); rarely, with [[spinal cord compression]] or [[cauda equina syndrome]]<ref>{{cite journal |author=Kim DH, Vaccaro AR |title=Osteoporotic compression fractures of the spine; current options and considerations for treatment |journal=The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society |volume=6 |issue=5 |pages=479–87 |year=2006 |pmid=16934715 |doi=10.1016/j.spinee.2006.04.013}}</ref>
* [[Neck pain]] due to [[fractures]] of the cervical spinal [[bones]]
* [[Neck pain]] due to [[fractures]] of the cervical spinal [[bones]]
* Stooped posture or [[kyphosis]], also called a dowager's hump
* Stooped posture or [[kyphosis]] also called a Dowager's hump
* [[Fractures]] of the long [[bones]] acutely impair mobility and may require [[surgery]].
* [[Fractures]] of the long [[bones]] acutely impair mobility and may require [[surgery]]  
* [[Hip fracture]], in particular, usually requires prompt [[surgery]]; as there are serious complications associated with a [[hip]] [[fracture]], such as [[deep vein thrombosis]], [[pulmonary embolism]], and increased [[mortality]].
* [[Hip fracture]] usually requires prompt [[surgery]], as there are serious complications associated with a [[hip]] [[fracture]], such as [[deep vein thrombosis]], [[pulmonary embolism]], and increased [[mortality]]
*The increased risk of falling is related to [[aging]]; can lead to [[fractures]] of the [[wrist]], [[spine]], and [[hip]]. The risk of falling, in turn, is increased by impaired eyesight (due to any cause such as [[glaucoma]], [[macular degeneration]]), [[balance disorder]], [[movement disorder]]s (e.g., [[Parkinson's disease]]), [[dementia]], and [[sarcopenia]] (age-related loss of [[skeletal muscle]]). A [[collapse]] (i.e., transient loss of postural tone, with or without [[loss of consciousness]]) leads to a significant risk of falling.
*Causes of [[syncope]] are manifold but may include [[cardiac arrhythmia]]s, [[vasovagal syncope]], [[orthostatic hypotension]], and [[seizure]]s. Removal of obstacles and loose carpets in the living environment may substantially reduce falls. Those with previous falls, as well as those with a [[gait]] or balance disorder, are at higher risk.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Ganz DA, Bao Y, Shekelle PG, Rubenstein LZ |title=Will my patient fall? |journal=JAMA |volume=297 |issue=1 |pages=77–86|year=2007 |pmid=17200478 |doi=10.1001/jama.297.1.77}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Endocrinology]]
[[Category:Endocrinology]]
[[Category:Radiology]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Orthopedics]]
[[Category:Primary care]]

Latest revision as of 23:28, 29 July 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Eiman Ghaffarpasand, M.D. [2]

Overview

Osteoporosis is usually asymptomatic, until the patient experiences an osteoporotic fracture. The hallmark symptom of osteoporotic fracture is bone pain. Following osteoporotic fractures, the major signs appear gradually, which include immobility, bed sores (in some cases), shortness of height, and stooped posture.

History and symptoms

Osteoporosis is usually asymptomatic, until the patient experiences an osteoporotic fracture. The hallmark symptom of osteoporotic fracture is bone pain. Following osteoporotic fractures, the major signs appear gradually, which include immobility, bed sores (in some cases), shortness of height, and stooped posture.

History

Patients with osteoporosis may have a history of:

Common Symptoms

Osteoporosis is usually asymptomatic until the patient encounters an osteoporotic fracture. The main symptom of osteoporotic fracture is bone pain.

Less common symptoms

Other symptoms occurring late in the osteoporotic fracture, may include:

References

  1. Kim DH, Vaccaro AR (2006). "Osteoporotic compression fractures of the spine; current options and considerations for treatment". The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society. 6 (5): 479–87. doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2006.04.013. PMID 16934715.

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