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{{Oral candidiasis}}
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==Causes==
'''Oral [[candidiasis]]''', is an infection of [[yeast]] fungus, ''[[Candida albicans]]'', (or, less commonly, ''[[Candida glabrata]]'' or ''[[Candida tropicalis]]'') in the mucous membranes of the [[mouth]].


Thrush is caused by forms of a fungus called Candida. A small amount of this fungus lives in your mouth most of the time. It is usually kept in check by your immune system and other types of germs that also normally live in your mouth.
==Overview==
However, when your immune system is weaker, the fungus can grow, leading to sores (lesions) in your mouth and on your tongue. The following can increase your chances of getting thrush:
[[C. albicans]] is the main species causing infection in humans more than any other [[Candida|candida species]].
* Taking steroid medications
 
* Having an HIV infection or AIDS
==Causes:==
* Receiving chemotherapy for cancer or drugs to suppress your immune system following an organ transplant
===Most common causes:===
* Being very old or very young
[[Candida albicans]] is the most common cause of oropharyngeal candidiasis.<ref name="pmid8243605">{{cite journal |vauthors=Barchiesi F, Morbiducci V, Ancarani F, Scalise G |title=Emergence of oropharyngeal candidiasis caused by non-albicans species of Candida in HIV-infected patients |journal=Eur. J. Epidemiol. |volume=9 |issue=4 |pages=455–6 |year=1993 |pmid=8243605 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid7942935">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sangeorzan JA, Bradley SF, He X, Zarins LT, Ridenour GL, Tiballi RN, Kauffman CA |title=Epidemiology of oral candidiasis in HIV-infected patients: colonization, infection, treatment, and emergence of fluconazole resistance |journal=Am. J. Med. |volume=97 |issue=4 |pages=339–46 |year=1994 |pmid=7942935 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
* Being in poor health
===Less common causes:===
Other candida strains can cause oropharyngeal candidiasis:<ref name="pmid8243605">{{cite journal |vauthors=Barchiesi F, Morbiducci V, Ancarani F, Scalise G |title=Emergence of oropharyngeal candidiasis caused by non-albicans species of Candida in HIV-infected patients |journal=Eur. J. Epidemiol. |volume=9 |issue=4 |pages=455–6 |year=1993 |pmid=8243605 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid7942935">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sangeorzan JA, Bradley SF, He X, Zarins LT, Ridenour GL, Tiballi RN, Kauffman CA |title=Epidemiology of oral candidiasis in HIV-infected patients: colonization, infection, treatment, and emergence of fluconazole resistance |journal=Am. J. Med. |volume=97 |issue=4 |pages=339–46 |year=1994 |pmid=7942935 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*[[Candida krusei]]
*[[Candida glabrata]]
*[[Candida tropicalis]]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
 
[[Category:Fungal diseases]]
[[Category:Emergency mdicine]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[Category:Signs and symptoms]]
[[Category:Otolaryngology]]
{{WH}}
[[Category:Pediatrics]]
{{WS}}
[[Category:Immunology]]

Latest revision as of 23:00, 29 July 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [2]

Overview

C. albicans is the main species causing infection in humans more than any other candida species.

Causes:

Most common causes:

Candida albicans is the most common cause of oropharyngeal candidiasis.[1][2]

Less common causes:

Other candida strains can cause oropharyngeal candidiasis:[1][2]

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Barchiesi F, Morbiducci V, Ancarani F, Scalise G (1993). "Emergence of oropharyngeal candidiasis caused by non-albicans species of Candida in HIV-infected patients". Eur. J. Epidemiol. 9 (4): 455–6. PMID 8243605.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Sangeorzan JA, Bradley SF, He X, Zarins LT, Ridenour GL, Tiballi RN, Kauffman CA (1994). "Epidemiology of oral candidiasis in HIV-infected patients: colonization, infection, treatment, and emergence of fluconazole resistance". Am. J. Med. 97 (4): 339–46. PMID 7942935.