Nausea and vomiting natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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===Prognosis=== | ===Prognosis=== | ||
Prognosis for nausea and vomiting | Prognosis for nausea and vomiting depends on the underlying cause. | ||
==References== | ==References== |
Revision as of 21:34, 15 January 2021
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vishnu Vardhan Serla M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Natural history, complications and prognosis
Natural history
Complications
- aspiration of gastric content [1]
- dehydration [2]
- electrolyte imbalance leading to metabolic alkalosis (increased blood pH), showing hypokalemia and hypochloremia [2] [1]
- cachexia due to loss of intake of food [2]
- antepartum hemorrhage of indeterminate origin in early pregnancy [3]
- callus formation and abrasions on skin of hands in case of self induced vomiting [1]
- pressure on ear, nose and eyes sometimes leading to subconjunctival hemorrhage and nose bleeds due to prolonged retching [1]
- dental erosion, discoloration and sensitivity of teeth, gum disease due to acidic gastric content [1]
- cracking of corners of lips [1]
- mucositis of hard palate and throat [1]
- hoarseness [1]
- GERD in case of frequent vomiting [1]
- Mallory-Weiss tear [1]
- Boerhaauve's syndrome [1]
- Cardiovascular symptoms including hypotention, sinus tachycardia, arrythmias and orthostasis in bulimic patients [1]
Prognosis
Prognosis for nausea and vomiting depends on the underlying cause.
References
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 Brown, Carrie A.; Mehler, Philip S. (2013). "Medical Complications of Self-Induced Vomiting". Eating Disorders. 21 (4): 287–294. doi:10.1080/10640266.2013.797317. ISSN 1064-0266.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Kim GH, Jung KW (December 2017). "[Vomiting]". Korean J Gastroenterol (in Korean). 70 (6): 283–287. doi:10.4166/kjg.2017.70.6.283. PMID 29277090.
- ↑ Chin RK (December 1989). "Antenatal complications and perinatal outcome in patients with nausea and vomiting-complicated pregnancy". Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 33 (3): 215–9. doi:10.1016/0028-2243(89)90132-9. PMID 2599251.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Metzger ED, Levine JM, McArdle CR, Wolfe BE, Jimerson DC (June 1999). "Salivary gland enlargement and elevated serum amylase in bulimia nervosa". Biol Psychiatry. 45 (11): 1520–2. doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(98)00221-2. PMID 10356637.