MAP2K4

Main article: Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase

Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4
Identifiers
Symbols	MAP2K4 ; JNKK; JNKK1; MAPKK4; MEK4; MKK4; PRKMK4; SEK1; SERK1
External IDs	Template:OMIM5 Template:MGI HomoloGene: 48159
Gene ontology Molecular function Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Biological process Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO
Orthologs
Template:GNF Ortholog box
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	n/a	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
Location (UCSC)	n/a	n/a
PubMed search	n/a	n/a

Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4, also known as MAP2K4, is a human gene.

This gene encodes a dual specificity protein kinase that belongs to the Ser/Thr protein kinase family. This kinase is a direct activator of MAP kinases in response to various environmental stresses or mitogenic stimuli. It has been shown to activate MAPK8/JNK1, MAPK9/JNK2, and MAPK14/p38, but not MAPK1/ERK2 or MAPK3/ERK1. This kinase is phosphorylated, and thus activated by MAP3K1/MEKK. The knockout studies in mice suggested the roles of this kinase in mediating survival signal in T cell development, as well as in the organogenesis of liver.

Further reading

• Lin A, Minden A, Martinetto H; et al. (1995). "Identification of a dual specificity kinase that activates the Jun kinases and p38-Mpk2". Science. 268 (5208): 286–90. PMID 7716521.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Dérijard B, Raingeaud J, Barrett T; et al. (1995). "Independent human MAP-kinase signal transduction pathways defined by MEK and MKK isoforms". Science. 267 (5198): 682–5. PMID 7839144.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Yan M, Dai T, Deak JC; et al. (1995). "Activation of stress-activated protein kinase by MEKK1 phosphorylation of its activator SEK1". Nature. 372 (6508): 798–800. PMID 7997270.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Salmeron A, Ahmad TB, Carlile GW; et al. (1996). "Activation of MEK-1 and SEK-1 by Tpl-2 proto-oncoprotein, a novel MAP kinase kinase kinase". EMBO J. 15 (4): 817–26. PMID 8631303.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Gale NW, Holland SJ, Valenzuela DM; et al. (1996). "Eph receptors and ligands comprise two major specificity subclasses and are reciprocally compartmentalized during embryogenesis". Neuron. 17 (1): 9–19. PMID 8755474.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• White RA, Hughes RT, Adkison LR; et al. (1996). "The gene encoding protein kinase SEK1 maps to mouse chromosome 11 and human chromosome 17". Genomics. 34 (3): 430–2. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0309. PMID 8786147.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Nishina H, Fischer KD, Radvanyi L; et al. (1997). "Stress-signalling kinase Sek1 protects thymocytes from apoptosis mediated by CD95 and CD3". Nature. 385 (6614): 350–3. doi:10.1038/385350a0. PMID 9002521.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Marti A, Luo Z, Cunningham C; et al. (1997). "Actin-binding protein-280 binds the stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) activator SEK-1 and is required for tumor necrosis factor-alpha activation of SAPK in melanoma cells". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (5): 2620–8. PMID 9006895.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Deacon K, Blank JL (1997). "Characterization of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MKK4)/c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase 1 and MKK3/p38 pathways regulated by MEK kinases 2 and 3. MEK kinase 3 activates MKK3 but does not cause activation of p38 kinase in vivo". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (22): 14489–96. PMID 9162092.
• Hirai S, Katoh M, Terada M; et al. (1997). "MST/MLK2, a member of the mixed lineage kinase family, directly phosphorylates and activates SEK1, an activator of c-Jun N-terminal kinase/stress-activated protein kinase". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (24): 15167–73. PMID 9182538.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Teng DH, Perry WL, Hogan JK; et al. (1997). "Human mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 as a candidate tumor suppressor". Cancer Res. 57 (19): 4177–82. PMID 9331070.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Xu S, Cobb MH (1998). "MEKK1 binds directly to the c-Jun N-terminal kinases/stress-activated protein kinases". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (51): 32056–60. PMID 9405400.
• Guan Z, Buckman SY, Pentland AP; et al. (1998). "Induction of cyclooxygenase-2 by the activated MEKK1 --> SEK1/MKK4 --> p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (21): 12901–8. PMID 9582321.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Su GH, Hilgers W, Shekher MC; et al. (1998). "Alterations in pancreatic, biliary, and breast carcinomas support MKK4 as a genetically targeted tumor suppressor gene". Cancer Res. 58 (11): 2339–42. PMID 9622070.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Yang J, New L, Jiang Y; et al. (1998). "Molecular cloning and characterization of a human protein kinase that specifically activates c-Jun N-terminal kinase". Gene. 212 (1): 95–102. PMID 9661668.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Widegren U, Jiang XJ, Krook A; et al. (1998). "Divergent effects of exercise on metabolic and mitogenic signaling pathways in human skeletal muscle". FASEB J. 12 (13): 1379–89. PMID 9761781.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Xia Y, Wu Z, Su B; et al. (1998). "JNKK1 organizes a MAP kinase module through specific and sequential interactions with upstream and downstream components mediated by its amino-terminal extension". Genes Dev. 12 (21): 3369–81. PMID 9808624.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Chan-Hui PY, Weaver R (1999). "Human mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase mediates the stress-induced activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades". Biochem. J. 336 ( Pt 3): 599–609. PMID 9841871.
• Merritt SE, Mata M, Nihalani D; et al. (1999). "The mixed lineage kinase DLK utilizes MKK7 and not MKK4 as substrate". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (15): 10195–202. PMID 10187804.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Orth K, Palmer LE, Bao ZQ; et al. (1999). "Inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase superfamily by a Yersinia effector". Science. 285 (5435): 1920–3. PMID 10489373.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)