Listeriosis classification

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Clinical syndromes caused by Listeria monocytogenes include: infection in pregnancy, neonatal infection, bacteremia, central nervous system infection (meningitis, encephalitis, rhombencephalitis, brain abscess, spinal cord infection), endocarditis, localized infection, and febrile gastroenteritis.

Classification

There are four common clinical syndromes:

  • Neonatal infection (granulomatosis infantisepticum): There are two forms. One, an early-onset sepsis, with Listeria acquired in utero, results in premature birth. Listeria can be isolated in the placenta, blood, meconium, nose, ears, and throat. Another, late-onset meningitis is acquired through vaginal transmission, although it also has been reported with caesarean deliveries.

References