Leiomyosarcoma physical examination
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Overview
Patients with Leiomyosarcoma generally appear weak.Physical examination findings depends upon the site of the involvement,size and metastasis.Physical Examination findings may include weight loss, abdominal mass, Distension,Ascites, rectal bleeding and vaginal bleeding.
Physical Examination
Physical examination findings depends upon the site of the involvement,size and metastasis.
Appearance of the Patient
- Patients with Leiomyosarcoma are generally weak due to weight loss.
Vital Signs
- Low Grade Fever
Skin
- Jaundice may appear if the tumor develops in the inferior vena cava in the supra-hepatic segment
- Pallor
Neck
- Lymphadenopathy
Lungs
- Dyspnea and chest pain in case of Leiomyosarcoma of the Pulmonary artery[1]
Abdomen
- Non tender Abdominal mass
- Abdominal distension,hepatomegaly and ascites in case of Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava[2]
Rectum
- Blood on rectal Examination[3]
Genitourinary
- Vaginal bleeding and discharge in case of uterine Leiomyosarcoma.
Extremities
Lower extremity edema if the tumors that arise in the inferior vena cava below the liver[4]
Neuromuscular
- paresthesia due to the compression of the neurovascular bundle by the enlarging mass
Paraneoplasic Syndrome manifestations
Rarely, Leiomyosarcoma presents with paraneoplastic hypoglycemia, which is usually secondary to the tumour production of insulin like growth factor-2[5]
References
- ↑ Hoffmeier A, Semik M, Fallenberg EM, Scheld HH (2001) Leiomyosarcoma of the pulmonary artery--a diagnostic chameleon. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 20 (5):1049-51. PMID: 11675204
- ↑ Nambiyar K, Ahuja A, Bhardwaj M (2017) Leiomyosarcoma of inferior vena cava with intracardiac extension presenting as Budd-Chiari syndrome: Report of a rare case. Indian J Pathol Microbiol 60 (2):256-258. DOI:10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_782_15 PMID: 28631648
- ↑ Jideh B, Yang T, Turner I (2017) Rectal Bleeding Due to Leiomyosarcoma. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 15 (1):e1-e2. DOI:10.1016/j.cgh.2016.08.008 PMID: 27530097
- ↑ Nabati M, Azizi S (2018) Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava presenting as a cardiac mass. J Clin Ultrasound 46 (6):430-433. DOI:10.1002/jcu.22558 PMID: 29131350
- ↑ Strauss G, Christensen L, Zapf J (1994) Tumour-induced hypoglycaemia due to 'big' IGF-II. J Intern Med 236 (1):97-9. PMID: 8021581