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==Overview==
==Overview==
In 1869, [[Pancreatic islet cell tumors|pancreatic islet cells]] were discovered by Paul Langerhans. The first [[adenoma]] of islets was discovered by Nicholls in 1902. [[Insulin]] was first discovered by Banting and Best in 1922. Association between [[hyperinsulinism]] and functional islet tumor was described in 1926 by Wilder. In 1927, the insulinoma was first described in Mayo clinic which was dissected in 1929 in Toronto. In 1929, the first surgical cure was performed by Roscoe Graham. In 1935, Whipple suggested a diagnostic criterion for the diagnosis of insulinoma called as [[Whipple's triad]].


==Historical Perspective==
==Historical Perspective==


===Discovery===
===Discovery===
*Pancreatic islet cells were first described by Paul Langerhans in 1869, while he was still a medical student.
*Pancreatic [[Islet cell|islet cells]] were first described by Paul Langerhans in 1869 when he was still a medical student.  
*Insulin was first discovered by Frederick Banting and Charles Best in 1922 from a dog’s pancreas.
*In 1902, the first adenoma of [[pancreatic islets]] was discovered by Nicholls.<ref name="pmid20187464">{{cite journal| author=Stamatakos M, Safioleas C, Tsaknaki S, Safioleas P, Iannescu R, Safioleas M| title=Insulinoma: a rare neuroendocrine pancreatic tumor. | journal=Chirurgia (Bucur) | year= 2009 | volume= 104 | issue= 6 | pages= 669-73 | pmid=20187464 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20187464  }} </ref>
*In 1927, William J Mayo was the first to discover the association between [[hyperinsulinism]] and a functional pancreatic islet cell tumor.
*Insulin was first discovered by Frederick Banting and Charles Best in 1922 from a dog’s [[pancreas]].
*In 1902, the first of adenoma of [[pancreatic islets]] was discovered by Nicholls.<ref name="pmid20187464">{{cite journal| author=Stamatakos M, Safioleas C, Tsaknaki S, Safioleas P, Iannescu R, Safioleas M| title=Insulinoma: a rare neuroendocrine pancreatic tumor. | journal=Chirurgia (Bucur) | year= 2009 | volume= 104 | issue= 6 | pages= 669-73 | pmid=20187464 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20187464  }} </ref>
*The association between [[hyperinsulinism]] and functional islet tumor was made in 1926 by Wilder-et-al after a surgery on a person who had [[hypoglycemia]] and found an [[Islet cell carcinoma|islet cell cancer]] with [[liver]] metastasis.<ref name="WilderAllan1927">{{cite journal|last1=Wilder|first1=Russell M.|last2=Allan|first2=Frank N.|last3=Power|first3=M. H.|last4=Robertson|first4=H. E.|title=CARCINOMA OF THE ISLANDS OF THE PANCREAS|journal=Journal of the American Medical Association|volume=89|issue=5|year=1927|pages=348|issn=0002-9955|doi=10.1001/jama.1927.02690050014007}}</ref>
*In 1927 the insulinoma was first described in Mayo clinic which was dissected in 1929 in Toronto.<ref name="pmid20187464">{{cite journal| author=Stamatakos M, Safioleas C, Tsaknaki S, Safioleas P, Iannescu R, Safioleas M| title=Insulinoma: a rare neuroendocrine pancreatic tumor. | journal=Chirurgia (Bucur) | year= 2009 | volume= 104 | issue= 6 | pages= 669-73 | pmid=20187464 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20187464  }} </ref>
 
*In 1927, William J Mayo was the first to discover the association between [[hyperinsulinism]] and a functional [[Pancreatic islet cell tumors|pancreatic islet cell tumor]]. In 1927 the insulinoma was first described in Mayo clinic which was dissected in 1929 in Toronto.<ref name="pmid20187464">{{cite journal| author=Stamatakos M, Safioleas C, Tsaknaki S, Safioleas P, Iannescu R, Safioleas M| title=Insulinoma: a rare neuroendocrine pancreatic tumor. | journal=Chirurgia (Bucur) | year= 2009 | volume= 104 | issue= 6 | pages= 669-73 | pmid=20187464 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20187464  }} </ref>


*The association between hyperinsulinism and functional islet tumor was made in 1926 by Wilder-et-al after a surgery on a person who had hypoglycemia and found an islet cell cancer with liver metastasis.<ref name="WilderAllan1927">{{cite journal|last1=Wilder|first1=Russell M.|last2=Allan|first2=Frank N.|last3=Power|first3=M. H.|last4=Robertson|first4=H. E.|title=CARCINOMA OF THE ISLANDS OF THE PANCREAS|journal=Journal of the American Medical Association|volume=89|issue=5|year=1927|pages=348|issn=0002-9955|doi=10.1001/jama.1927.02690050014007}}</ref>
*In 1929, the first surgical cure was performed by Roscoe Graham.<ref name="pmid17856569">{{cite journal |vauthors=Whipple AO, Frantz VK |title=ADENOMA OF ISLET CELLS WITH HYPERINSULINISM: A REVIEW |journal=Ann. Surg. |volume=101 |issue=6 |pages=1299–335 |year=1935 |pmid=17856569 |pmc=1390871 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*In 1929, the first surgical cure was performed by Roscoe Graham.<ref name="pmid17856569">{{cite journal |vauthors=Whipple AO, Frantz VK |title=ADENOMA OF ISLET CELLS WITH HYPERINSULINISM: A REVIEW |journal=Ann. Surg. |volume=101 |issue=6 |pages=1299–335 |year=1935 |pmid=17856569 |pmc=1390871 |doi= |url=}}</ref>


* In 1935, Whipple suggested a diagnostic criteria for the diagnosis of Insulinoma called as Whipple's triad<ref name="pmid17856569">{{cite journal |vauthors=Whipple AO, Frantz VK |title=ADENOMA OF ISLET CELLS WITH HYPERINSULINISM: A REVIEW |journal=Ann. Surg. |volume=101 |issue=6 |pages=1299–335 |year=1935 |pmid=17856569 |pmc=1390871 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
* In 1935, Whipple suggested a [[diagnostic criteria|diagnostic criterion]] for the diagnosis of [[insulinoma]] called as [[Whipple's triad]]. <ref name="pmid17856569">{{cite journal |vauthors=Whipple AO, Frantz VK |title=ADENOMA OF ISLET CELLS WITH HYPERINSULINISM: A REVIEW |journal=Ann. Surg. |volume=101 |issue=6 |pages=1299–335 |year=1935 |pmid=17856569 |pmc=1390871 |doi= |url=}}</ref>


==Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies==
==Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies==
* William J Mayo, did the first operation for insulinoma in 1927 and found to be unresectable. Two years later, Roscoe Graham successfully completed the first surgical cure of an islet cell tumor.
* William J Mayo did the first operation for [[insulinoma]] in 1927 and found it to be unresectable. Two years later, Roscoe Graham successfully completed the first surgical cure of an [[islet cell tumor]].
* In 1935, Whipple's triad was developed by Virginia Kneeland Frantz and Allen O. Whipple to diagnose insulinoma.
* In 1935, [[Whipple's triad]] was developed by Virginia Kneeland Frantz and Allen O. Whipple to diagnose insulinoma.


==Famous Cases==
==Famous Cases==
* Steve Jobs, the founder and CEO of Apple Inc. had died on Oct 5,2011 because of a [[Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor|pancreatic neuroendocrine]] cancer.  
* Steve Jobs, the founder, and CEO of Apple Inc. had died on Oct 5,2011 due to [[Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor|pancreatic neuroendocrine]] [[cancer]].  
* Dag Kittlaus, the creator of Siri had been diagnosed with a [[pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor]] last year.
* Dag Kittlaus, the creator of "Siri" had been diagnosed with a [[pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor]] in 2016.


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Surgery]]

Latest revision as of 18:14, 4 December 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Amandeep Singh M.D.[2], Parminder Dhingra, M.D. [3]

Overview

In 1869, pancreatic islet cells were discovered by Paul Langerhans. The first adenoma of islets was discovered by Nicholls in 1902. Insulin was first discovered by Banting and Best in 1922. Association between hyperinsulinism and functional islet tumor was described in 1926 by Wilder. In 1927, the insulinoma was first described in Mayo clinic which was dissected in 1929 in Toronto. In 1929, the first surgical cure was performed by Roscoe Graham. In 1935, Whipple suggested a diagnostic criterion for the diagnosis of insulinoma called as Whipple's triad.

Historical Perspective

Discovery

  • Pancreatic islet cells were first described by Paul Langerhans in 1869 when he was still a medical student.
  • In 1902, the first adenoma of pancreatic islets was discovered by Nicholls.[1]
  • Insulin was first discovered by Frederick Banting and Charles Best in 1922 from a dog’s pancreas.
  • The association between hyperinsulinism and functional islet tumor was made in 1926 by Wilder-et-al after a surgery on a person who had hypoglycemia and found an islet cell cancer with liver metastasis.[2]
  • In 1927, William J Mayo was the first to discover the association between hyperinsulinism and a functional pancreatic islet cell tumor. In 1927 the insulinoma was first described in Mayo clinic which was dissected in 1929 in Toronto.[1]
  • In 1929, the first surgical cure was performed by Roscoe Graham.[3]

Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies

  • William J Mayo did the first operation for insulinoma in 1927 and found it to be unresectable. Two years later, Roscoe Graham successfully completed the first surgical cure of an islet cell tumor.
  • In 1935, Whipple's triad was developed by Virginia Kneeland Frantz and Allen O. Whipple to diagnose insulinoma.

Famous Cases

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Stamatakos M, Safioleas C, Tsaknaki S, Safioleas P, Iannescu R, Safioleas M (2009). "Insulinoma: a rare neuroendocrine pancreatic tumor". Chirurgia (Bucur). 104 (6): 669–73. PMID 20187464.
  2. Wilder, Russell M.; Allan, Frank N.; Power, M. H.; Robertson, H. E. (1927). "CARCINOMA OF THE ISLANDS OF THE PANCREAS". Journal of the American Medical Association. 89 (5): 348. doi:10.1001/jama.1927.02690050014007. ISSN 0002-9955.
  3. 3.0 3.1 Whipple AO, Frantz VK (1935). "ADENOMA OF ISLET CELLS WITH HYPERINSULINISM: A REVIEW". Ann. Surg. 101 (6): 1299–335. PMC 1390871. PMID 17856569.

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